Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 Jul;120:110329. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110329. Epub 2023 May 17.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have previously demonstrated their efficacy and safety in various solid tumors, and with the growing interest in the application of ICIs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), various data have been reported. Mechanistically, HNSCC cells express programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which binds to its receptor programmed death 1 (PD-1). Immune escape plays a key role in disease initiation and progression. Studying the abnormal activation of related pathways of PD-1/PD-L1 will help to understand the way of immunotherapy and find the advantageous population of immunotherapy. How to reduce HNSCC-related mortality and morbidity in this process has promoted the search for new therapeutic strategies, especially in the era of immunotherapy. PD-1 inhibitors have demonstrated significant prolongation of survival in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) HNSCC with a favorable safety profile. It also holds great promise in locally advanced (LA) HNSCC, where numerous studies are underway. Although immunotherapy has made great progress in HNSCC research, there are still many challenges. Therefore, in the review, we conducted an in-depth study on the expression of PD-L1 and the regulatory, immunosuppressive mechanisms caused by PD-L1, especially in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, which is different from other tumors. And further summarize the situation, challenges and development trends of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in clinical practice.
免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICIs) 在各种实体瘤中已显示出其疗效和安全性，随着人们对免疫检查点抑制剂在头颈部鳞状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 中应用的兴趣日益增长，各种数据也相继报道。从机制上讲，HNSCC 细胞表达程序性死亡配体 1（PD-L1），它与程序性死亡受体 1（PD-1）结合。免疫逃逸在疾病的发生和进展中起着关键作用。研究 PD-1/PD-L1 相关通路的异常激活有助于了解免疫治疗的方式，并找到免疫治疗的优势人群。在这个过程中，如何降低 HNSCC 相关的死亡率和发病率，促进了新的治疗策略的探索，尤其是在免疫治疗时代。PD-1 抑制剂在复发性/转移性（R/M）HNSCC 中表现出显著的生存延长，且具有良好的安全性。它在局部晚期（LA）HNSCC 中也有很大的应用前景，目前有许多研究正在进行中。尽管免疫疗法在 HNSCC 研究中取得了很大进展，但仍存在许多挑战。因此，在综述中，我们深入研究了 PD-L1 的表达及其引起的调节、免疫抑制机制，特别是在头颈部鳞状细胞癌中，这与其他肿瘤不同。并进一步总结 PD-1 和 PD-L1 阻断在临床实践中的情况、挑战和发展趋势。
