Emerg Infect Dis. 2023 Jun;29(6):1173-1182. doi: 10.3201/eid2906.221598.
Legionellosis, notably Legionnaires' disease, is recognized globally and in New Zealand (Aotearoa) as a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia. We analyzed the temporal, geographic, and demographic epidemiology and microbiology of Legionnaires' disease in New Zealand by using notification and laboratory-based surveillance data for 2000‒2020. We used Poisson regression models to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% CIs to compare demographic and organism trends over 2 time periods (2000-2009 and 2010-2020). The mean annual incidence rate increased from 1.6 cases/100,000 population for 2000-2009 to 3.9 cases/100,000 population for 2010-2020. This increase corresponded with a change in diagnostic testing from predominantly serology with some culture to almost entirely molecular methods using PCR. There was also a marked shift in the identified dominant causative organism, from Legionella pneumophila to L. longbeachae. Surveillance for legionellosis could be further enhanced by greater use of molecular typing of isolates.
军团病，特别是军团病，在全球和新西兰（Aotearoa）被认为是社区获得性肺炎的主要原因。我们通过使用 2000-2020 年的通知和基于实验室的监测数据，分析了新西兰军团病的时间、地理和人口统计学流行病学和微生物学。我们使用泊松回归模型估计发病率比率和 95%置信区间，以比较两个时期（2000-2009 年和 2010-2020 年）的人口统计学和生物体趋势。2000-2009 年的年平均发病率为每 10 万人 1.6 例，2010-2020 年增至每 10 万人 3.9 例。这种增加与诊断检测方法从主要使用血清学和一些培养方法转变为几乎完全使用 PCR 分子方法相对应。确定的主要致病生物体也发生了明显变化，从嗜肺军团菌转变为长滩军团菌。通过更广泛地使用分离物的分子分型，军团病监测可以进一步加强。
