María Soledad Paladino María Soledad Paladino
Universidad Austral Mariano Acosta 1611, CP (B1629WWA), Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Cuad Bioet. 2023 Jan-Apr;34(110):25-35. doi: 10.30444/CB.140.
The current scenario of health sciences, and of Medicine in particular, is characterized by the growing role of Artificial Intelligence (AI), thus projecting towards the consolidation of a new model of Medicine. Along with the undeniable advantages offered by the application of AI for the diagnosis and treatment of complex clinical problems, some ethical questions arise, which demand careful reflection. However, most of the literature that addresses the ethical issues associated with the use of AI in medicine does so from the poiesis' perspective. Indeed, a large part of that evidence is related to the design, programming, training and operation of algorithms, problems that exceed the competences of the health professionals that use them. Our proposal is framed in the ethics of virtue outlined by Edmund Pellegrino, which is a valuable epistemological perspective to trace a path of reflection on the ethical problems arising from the use of AI in Medicine. This perspective -based on a sound philosophy of Medicine- adopts the praxis' point of view, that is, of the acting subject. Since the health professional is a moral agent who uses AI as a tool to achieve an end -the good of the patient-,from Pellegrino's perspective it is possible to ask how the use of AI might influence the achievement of the goal of medical work and thus, be considered a criterion of ethical orientation.
当前健康科学领域，尤其是医学领域的现状，其特点是人工智能（AI）的作用日益增强，从而朝着巩固一种新的医学模式发展。随着人工智能在诊断和治疗复杂临床问题方面应用所带来的不可否认的优势，一些伦理问题也随之出现，需要仔细思考。然而，大多数论述医学中人工智能使用相关伦理问题的文献都是从技术制作的角度进行探讨的。事实上，大部分此类证据都与算法的设计、编程、训练和操作有关，这些问题超出了使用它们的卫生专业人员的能力范围。我们的提议是基于埃德蒙·佩莱格里诺所概述的美德伦理学，这是一个有价值的认识论视角，用于探寻一条思考医学中使用人工智能所引发伦理问题的路径。这种基于健全医学哲学的视角采用了实践的观点，即行动主体的观点。由于卫生专业人员是将人工智能作为实现目的——患者利益——的工具的道德主体，从佩莱格里诺的视角出发，就有可能探讨人工智能的使用如何影响医疗工作目标的实现，进而被视为一种伦理导向标准。
