Doratt Brianna M, Sureshchandra Suhas, True Heather, Rincon Monica, Marshall Nicole, Messaoudi Ilhem
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40536.
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine CA 92697.
bioRxiv. 2023 May 11:2023.05.10.540233. doi: 10.1101/2023.05.10.540233.
Few studies have addressed the impact of maternal mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection on the developing neonatal immune system. In this study, we analyzed umbilical cord blood and placental chorionic villi from newborns of unvaccinated mothers with mild/asymptomatic SARSCoV-2 infection during pregnancy using flow cytometry, single-cell transcriptomics, and functional assays. Despite the lack of vertical transmission, levels of inflammatory mediators were altered in cord blood. Maternal infection was also associated with increased memory T, B cells, and non-classical monocytes as well as increased activation. However, responses to stimulation were attenuated. Finally, within the placental villi, we report an expansion of fetal Hofbauer cells and infiltrating maternal macrophages and rewiring towards a heightened inflammatory state. In contrast to cord blood monocytes, placental myeloid cells were primed for heightened antiviral responses. Taken together, this study highlights dysregulated fetal immune cell responses in response to mild maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.
很少有研究探讨孕妇轻度/无症状的SARS-CoV-2感染对发育中的新生儿免疫系统的影响。在本研究中，我们使用流式细胞术、单细胞转录组学和功能分析方法，分析了孕期感染轻度/无症状SARS-CoV-2的未接种疫苗母亲所生新生儿的脐带血和胎盘绒毛膜绒毛。尽管没有垂直传播，但脐带血中炎症介质的水平发生了改变。母亲感染还与记忆T细胞、B细胞和非经典单核细胞增加以及激活增加有关。然而，对刺激的反应减弱。最后，在胎盘绒毛内，我们报告了胎儿霍夫鲍尔细胞的扩增、浸润的母体巨噬细胞以及向炎症增强状态的重新布线。与脐带血单核细胞不同，胎盘髓样细胞为增强的抗病毒反应做好了准备。综上所述，本研究强调了孕期母亲轻度SARS-CoV-2感染后胎儿免疫细胞反应失调。
