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冠状动脉壁内血肿引发的急性冠状动脉综合征

[Acute coronary syndrome provoked by a coronary intramural hematoma].

作者信息

Gutiérrez-Díaz Gonzalo Israel, Buenrostro-Jiménez Arturo David, Rojas-Castillo Roberto, Amador-Avendaño Víctor, Jaime-Zúñiga Alma Yaneth, Zambada-Gamboa Anahí de Jesús, Velázquez-García Manuel Alejandro, Gudiño-Amezcua Diego Armando

机构信息

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Hospital de Especialidades "Lic. Ignacio García Téllez", Servicio de Admisión Médica Continua-Urgencias. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Hospital de Especialidades "Lic. Ignacio García Téllez", Servicio de Cardiología. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México.

出版信息

Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2023 May 2;61(3):380-385.

PMID:37216693
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10437236/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Intramural coronary hematoma (ICH) is an unusual cause of acute coronary syndrome, and it represents a diagnostic challenge, especially in young patients in which it is not considered among the differential causes of acute myocardial ischemia.

CLINICAL CASE

40-year-old female, with type 2 diabetes and no other cardiovascular risk factors, who assisted to the Emergency Room with chest pain. In her first evaluation, electrocardiographic abnormalities, and troponin I elevation were found. A cardiac catheterization was performed, in which a proximal obstruction of the left anterior descending artery was observed, and then an optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the presence of an ICH without a dissection flap. A stent was implanted in the obstruction area, with adequate angiographic outcome. The patient had a satisfactory evolution and was discharged to home without evidence of systolic dysfunction and is free of cardiovascular symptoms at 6-month follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

ICH must be considered within the differential diagnosis of acute myocardial ischemia in young patients, especially females. Intravascular image diagnosis is essential for the adequate diagnosis and treatment. Treatment must be individualized considering the extent of ischemia.

摘要

背景

壁内冠状动脉血肿(ICH)是急性冠状动脉综合征的一种罕见病因,它构成了诊断挑战,尤其是在年轻患者中,其未被视为急性心肌缺血的鉴别病因之一。

临床病例

一名40岁女性,患有2型糖尿病且无其他心血管危险因素,因胸痛前往急诊室就诊。在首次评估中,发现心电图异常以及肌钙蛋白I升高。进行了心脏导管插入术,术中观察到左前降支近端阻塞,随后光学相干断层扫描(OCT)证实存在无夹层瓣的ICH。在阻塞区域植入了支架,血管造影结果良好。患者病情进展顺利,出院时无收缩功能障碍迹象,在6个月随访时无心血管症状。

结论

在年轻患者,尤其是女性患者的急性心肌缺血鉴别诊断中,必须考虑ICH。血管内图像诊断对于准确诊断和治疗至关重要。治疗必须根据缺血程度个体化。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/5dfb919f80c7/04435117-61-3-380-c001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/6d8a7bcdd422/04435117-61-3-380-f001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/2ca2b4b9849c/04435117-61-3-380-f003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/33bc2658bb0a/04435117-61-3-380-f004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/bc7512299f17/04435117-61-3-380-f005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/5dfb919f80c7/04435117-61-3-380-c001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/6d8a7bcdd422/04435117-61-3-380-f001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/dc6dc490de1a/04435117-61-3-380-f002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/2ca2b4b9849c/04435117-61-3-380-f003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/33bc2658bb0a/04435117-61-3-380-f004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/bc7512299f17/04435117-61-3-380-f005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/58a4/10437236/5dfb919f80c7/04435117-61-3-380-c001.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: Principles of management.自发性冠状动脉夹层:处理原则。
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An Uncommon Cause of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Intramural Coronary Artery Hematoma After Blunt Chest Trauma.ST段抬高型心肌梗死的罕见病因:钝性胸部创伤后冠状动脉壁内血肿
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When to use intravascular ultrasound or optical coherence tomography during percutaneous coronary intervention?
在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗期间何时使用血管内超声或光学相干断层扫描?
Cardiovasc Diagn Ther. 2020 Oct;10(5):1429-1444. doi: 10.21037/cdt-20-206.
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Current state-of-play in spontaneous coronary artery dissection.自发性冠状动脉夹层的当前进展情况。
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Coronary Intramural Hematoma: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management.冠状动脉壁内血肿:诊断与管理中的挑战
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