Komoltsev Ilia, Salyp Olga, Volkova Aleksandra, Bashkatova Daria, Shirobokova Natalia, Frankevich Stepan, Shalneva Daria, Kostyunina Olga, Chizhova Olesya, Kostrukov Pavel, Novikova Margarita, Gulyaeva Natalia
Department of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117485, Russia.
Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow 115419, Russia.
Neurol Int. 2023 Apr 27;15(2):609-621. doi: 10.3390/neurolint15020038.
The possibility of epileptiform activity generation by the thalamocortical neuronal network after focal brain injuries, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), is actively debated. Presumably, posttraumatic spike-wave discharges (SWDs) involve a cortico-thalamocortical neuronal network. Differentiation of posttraumatic and idiopathic (i.e., spontaneously generated) SWDs is imperative for understanding posttraumatic epileptogenic mechanisms. Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats with electrodes implanted into the somatosensory cortex and the thalamic ventral posterolateral nucleus. Local field potentials were recorded for 7 days before and 7 days after TBI (lateral fluid percussion injury, 2.5 atm). The morphology of 365 SWDs (89 idiopathic before craniotomy, and 262 posttraumatic that appeared only after TBI) and their appearance in the thalamus were analyzed. The occurrence of SWDs in the thalamus determined their spike-wave form and bilateral lateralization in the neocortex. Posttraumatic discharges were characterized by more "mature" characteristics as compared to spontaneously generated discharges: higher proportions of bilateral spreading, well-defined spike-wave form, and thalamus involvement. Based on SWD parameters, the etiology could be established with an accuracy of 75% (AUC 0.79). Our results support the hypothesis that the formation of posttraumatic SWDs involves a cortico-thalamocortical neuronal network. The results form a basis for further research of mechanisms associated with posttraumatic epileptiform activity and epileptogenesis.
包括创伤性脑损伤（TBI）在内的局灶性脑损伤后，丘脑皮质神经元网络产生癫痫样活动的可能性一直存在激烈争论。据推测，创伤后棘波-慢波放电（SWDs）涉及皮质-丘脑-皮质神经元网络。区分创伤后和特发性（即自发产生）的SWDs对于理解创伤后癫痫发生机制至关重要。对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠进行实验，将电极植入体感皮层和丘脑腹后外侧核。在TBI（侧方液压冲击伤，2.5个大气压）前7天和后7天记录局部场电位。分析了365次SWDs（开颅术前89次特发性，TBI后仅出现的262次创伤后）的形态及其在丘脑中的表现。丘脑中SWDs的出现决定了它们的棘波-慢波形式和新皮层中的双侧侧向化。与自发产生的放电相比，创伤后放电具有更“成熟”的特征：双侧扩散比例更高、棘波-慢波形式明确以及丘脑受累。基于SWD参数，病因诊断准确率可达75%（曲线下面积0.79）。我们的结果支持这样的假设，即创伤后SWDs的形成涉及皮质-丘脑-皮质神经元网络。这些结果为进一步研究与创伤后癫痫样活动和癫痫发生相关的机制奠定了基础。
