Division of CBRN Defence, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. S.K. Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India.
Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Biometals. 2023 Oct;36(5):1125-1140. doi: 10.1007/s10534-023-00508-7. Epub 2023 May 24.
The similarities between thallium and potassium have suggested the use of calcium polystyrene sulfonate (CPS), an oral ion exchange resin, as a potential agent against thallium intoxication. Therefore, the study was an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of CPS and Prussian blue when given alone or in combination against thallium toxicity. The effect on binding capacity was investigated in terms of contact time, amount of CPS, influence of pH, simulated physiological solutions and interference of potassium ions. Also, rats were given single dose of thallium chloride (20 mg kg) and the treatment with PB and CPS was given for 28 days as CPS 30 g kg, orally, twice a day, PB 3 g kg, orally, twice a day and their combination. The effect of antidotal treatment was evaluated by calculating the thallium levels in various organs, blood, urine and feces. The results of the in vitro study indicated exceedingly quick binding in the combination of CPS and PB as compared to PB alone. Also, it was found that the binding capacity at pH 2.0 was considerably increased for PB with CPS (184.656 mg g) as compared to PB (37.771 mg g). Furthermore, statistically significant results were obtained in the in vivo study as after 7th day, thallium levels in blood of rats treated with combination were reduced by 64% as compared to control group and 52% as compared to alone PB treated group. Also, Tl retention in liver, kidney, stomach, colon and small intestine of combination treated rats was significantly reduced to 46%, 28%, 41%, 32% and 33% respectively, as compared to alone PB treated group. These findings demonstrate this as a good antidotal option against thallium intoxication.
铊和钾具有相似性，这表明使用钙聚苯乙烯磺酸钠（CPS），一种口服离子交换树脂，作为一种对抗铊中毒的潜在药物。因此，本研究试图评估 CPS 和普鲁士蓝单独或联合使用对抗铊毒性的疗效。从接触时间、CPS 的用量、pH 值的影响、模拟生理溶液和钾离子的干扰等方面考察了其结合能力。此外，给大鼠单次给予氯化铊（20mg/kg），并给予 PB 和 CPS 治疗 28 天，CPS 剂量为 30g/kg，每天口服 2 次，PB 剂量为 3g/kg，每天口服 2 次，以及它们的组合。通过计算各器官、血液、尿液和粪便中的铊含量来评估解毒治疗的效果。体外研究结果表明，CPS 与 PB 联合使用的结合速度比单独使用 PB 快得多。此外，发现在 pH 2.0 时，与 PB（37.771mg/g）相比，CPS 与 PB 的结合能力大大增加（184.656mg/g）。此外，体内研究也得到了统计学上显著的结果，在第 7 天，与对照组相比，联合治疗组大鼠血液中的铊含量降低了 64%，与单独 PB 治疗组相比降低了 52%。此外，与单独 PB 治疗组相比，联合治疗组大鼠肝脏、肾脏、胃、结肠和小肠中的 Tl 保留量分别显著降低至 46%、28%、41%、32%和 33%。这些发现表明，这是一种对抗铊中毒的良好解毒选择。
