Barroso-Moguel R, Villeda-Hernández J, Méndez-Armenta M, Ríos C, Monroy-Noyola A
Laboratorio de Neuromorfología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, SSA, México, D.F., México.
Toxicology. 1994 Mar 25;89(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(94)90129-5.
Rats were treated with a single dose of thallium acetate (32 mg/kg i.p.) and the antidotal effect of D-penicillamine and prussian blue given alone or in combination was assessed by means of evaluation of the thallium-induced cerebellar histological lesions. After thallium poisoning (24 h), antidotes were administered for 4 days as follows: D-penicillamine (DP) 25 mg/kg, i.p. twice daily; prussian blue (PB), 50 mg/kg p.o., twice daily. Mortality among the treatment groups was as follows: control, 87.5%; DP, 100%; PB, 56.25%; DP+PB, 25%. Three days after these treatments, rats treated with the combination DP+PB presented a significantly lower number of altered Purkinje cells in cerebellum as compared with those of the thallium alone treated animals, indicating adequate protection by this antidote treatment against thallium neurotoxicity. Prussian blue protected against thallium-induced neurotoxicity to a lesser extent as compared with the effects obtained by the DP+PB protection. DP did not protect against thallium-induced alterations of Purkinje cells. These results confirm the efficacy of the combined antidotal treatment of DP and PB against thallium toxicity in rats, and support the possible application in human cases of thallotoxicosis.
给大鼠腹腔注射单剂量醋酸铊（32毫克/千克），通过评估铊诱导的小脑组织学损伤，来评价单独或联合给予D-青霉胺和普鲁士蓝的解毒效果。铊中毒（24小时）后，按以下方式给予解毒剂4天：D-青霉胺（DP）25毫克/千克，腹腔注射，每日两次；普鲁士蓝（PB），50毫克/千克，口服，每日两次。各治疗组的死亡率如下：对照组，87.5%；DP组，100%；PB组，56.25%；DP+PB组，25%。这些治疗3天后，与单独用铊处理的动物相比，联合使用DP+PB治疗的大鼠小脑浦肯野细胞改变的数量明显减少，表明这种解毒剂治疗对铊神经毒性有充分的保护作用。与DP+PB联合保护的效果相比，普鲁士蓝对铊诱导的神经毒性的保护作用较小。DP不能保护免受铊诱导的浦肯野细胞改变。这些结果证实了DP和PB联合解毒治疗对大鼠铊中毒的疗效，并支持其在铊中毒人类病例中的可能应用。
