Bao Xiaohua, Lyu Yong
Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Xiqing District, Tianjin, China.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2023 Oct;85(7):2123-2130. doi: 10.3758/s13414-023-02726-0. Epub 2023 May 24.
Previous studies using breaking continuous flash suppression observed that the content of visual working memory (VWM) influences the priority for accessing visual awareness. However, most studies have used simple stimuli, whereas real-life objects are typically more meaningful and contain more perceptual information than simple objects. In this study, we intermixed a delayed match-to-sample task to manipulate the content of VWM, and a breaking repeated masking suppression (b-RMS) task to investigate whether this memory-based effect in conscious access can be extended to a new sandwich masking task and real-life stimuli. The results revealed that memory-congruent objects broke RMS faster than incongruent objects for both simple and real-life objects. Specifically, for simple objects, color-matching targets broke RMS faster than color-mismatching targets, whereas state-matching targets broke RMS faster than state-mismatching targets for real-life objects. These results suggest that the faster detection of VWM-matching over VWM mismatching stimuli-which has been mostly studied using only one type of task (b-CFS) and stimulus (colored shapes)-extends to (1) yet another masking technique (b-RMS) and to (2) a novel stimulus type (real-life objects), providing evidence that memory-based biases in conscious access are a ubiquitous phenomenon.
以往使用打破连续闪光抑制的研究观察到，视觉工作记忆（VWM）的内容会影响进入视觉意识的优先级。然而，大多数研究使用的是简单刺激，而现实生活中的物体通常比简单物体更有意义，并且包含更多的感知信息。在本研究中，我们将一个用于操纵VWM内容的延迟样本匹配任务，与一个用于研究这种基于记忆的意识获取效应是否能扩展到新的三明治掩蔽任务和现实生活刺激的打破重复掩蔽抑制（b-RMS）任务混合使用。结果显示，对于简单物体和现实生活中的物体，与记忆相符的物体比不相符的物体更快地打破RMS。具体而言，对于简单物体，颜色匹配目标比颜色不匹配目标更快地打破RMS，而对于现实生活中的物体，状态匹配目标比状态不匹配目标更快地打破RMS。这些结果表明，与VWM不匹配刺激相比，对VWM匹配刺激的更快检测——这大多仅使用一种类型的任务（b-CFS）和刺激（彩色形状）进行研究——扩展到了（1）另一种掩蔽技术（b-RMS）和（2）一种新的刺激类型（现实生活中的物体），这证明了基于记忆的意识获取偏差是一种普遍现象。
