Helmholtz Institute, Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
Helmholtz Institute, Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
Cognition. 2021 Jan;206:104463. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104463. Epub 2020 Oct 6.
Previous studies suggest that 1) storing a visual representation of an item in visual working memory (VWM) prioritizes access to visual awareness for this item and that 2) VWM can contain representations of bound items instead of separate features. It is currently unclear whether VWM affects access to visual awareness at the individual feature level, the conjunction of multiple features level or the object level. To investigate this question, we conducted a series of experiments in which we combined a delayed match to sample task with a breaking Continuous Flash Suppression (b-CFS) task. On each trial, subjects memorized an object consisting of a disk with two halves with different colors for the later recall test and, between them, had to detect the location of a target initially presented under suppression. We varied the congruence in colors between the memory representation and to-be-detected target. Our results show that memory congruent objects (consisting of a conjunction of features) break CFS faster than memory incongruent objects. Interestingly, we also observe this congruence effect when we presented the memorized object in a horizontally-mirrored configuration of colors. However, we do not observe a faster effect when the target shares only a single feature of a memorized object (semi-congruent) or when the memory congruent target is rotated by 90°. Our results suggest that VWM prioritizes access to visual awareness for complex visual memoranda for which the spatial lay-out of the individual features does not need to exactly match the lay-out of the memoranda.
1）在视觉工作记忆（VWM）中存储项目的视觉表示形式会优先访问该项目的视觉意识，2）VWM 可以包含绑定项目的表示形式，而不是单独的特征。目前尚不清楚 VWM 是否会影响个体特征水平、多个特征水平或对象水平的视觉意识访问。为了研究这个问题，我们进行了一系列实验，其中我们将延迟匹配样本任务与连续闪光抑制（b-CFS）任务相结合。在每次试验中，被试者记住一个由两个颜色不同的半圆盘组成的物体，以便在稍后的回忆测试中使用，并在它们之间必须检测最初在抑制下呈现的目标的位置。我们改变了记忆表示和待检测目标之间的颜色一致性。我们的结果表明，记忆一致的物体（由特征的结合组成）比记忆不一致的物体更快地打破 CFS。有趣的是，当我们以颜色的水平镜像配置呈现记忆物体时，我们也观察到这种一致性效应。然而，当目标仅共享记忆物体的单个特征（半一致）时，或者当记忆一致的目标旋转 90°时，我们没有观察到更快的效果。我们的结果表明，VWM 优先访问复杂视觉记忆的视觉意识，而无需每个特征的空间布局与记忆的布局完全匹配。
