Department of Exercise Science, David B Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America.
Department of Clinical and Scientific Affairs, Hanger Clinic, Austin, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 May 25;18(5):e0283762. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283762. eCollection 2023.
The isolating nature of various COVID-19 mandates may have reduced physical activity (PA) and increased mental health symptomology among individuals with amputation. However, an investigation of mental health across PA levels before and after the onset of COVID-19 among this group has not been conducted. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate group differences in depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress symptomology among individuals with amputation who reported being physically "active," "somewhat active," or "inactivate" before and during the pandemic. Individuals with an amputation at any level (n = 91; 51% female; age = 52.5±15.5) completed an online questionnaire to assess demographic information, PA levels, and mental health throughout the pandemic. Group differences in self-reported PA before and after COVID-19 onset were assessed by the PA Guidelines for Americans recommendations. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) scales were used to assess group differences in mental health status. Before and after the onset of COVID-19, 33% and 42.9% of respondents reported that they were inactive, respectively. 58.2% of respondents reported decreased PA since the pandemic's onset. Prior to the pandemic, active individuals reported lower CES-D (14.21 vs. 19.07; Cohen's d: -0.414), GAD-7 (3.82 vs. 5.47; Cohen's d: -0.359), and PCL-5 (15.92 vs. 21.03; Cohen's d: -0.319) scores compared to inactive individuals. After the onset of COVID-19, scores remained lower for active respondents CES-D (12.67 vs. 20.03; Cohen's d: 0.-669), GAD-7 (3.17 vs. 5.87; Cohen's d: -0.598), and PCL-5 (13.39 vs. 19.90; Cohen's d: -0.430). Individuals with amputation reported decreased PA after the onset of COVID-19. Individuals reporting that they were "active" exhibited improved depression and anxiety symptomology scores compared to those reporting that they were "inactive."
COVID-19 各项隔离政策可能会降低截肢者的身体活动(PA)水平,并增加他们的心理健康症状。然而,针对这一群体在 COVID-19 发病前后,根据 PA 水平进行心理健康调查的研究尚未开展。因此,本研究的目的是调查截肢者中,根据 COVID-19 发病前后的活动水平(活跃、有点活跃和不活跃)分组,评估其抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激症状的差异。共有 91 名截肢者(51%为女性,年龄 52.5±15.5 岁)完成了在线问卷调查,以评估整个疫情期间的人口统计学信息、PA 水平和心理健康状况。根据《美国人体育活动指南》(PA Guidelines for Americans)的建议,评估 COVID-19 发病前后自我报告的 PA 水平的组间差异。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,CES-D)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(Generalized Anxiety Disorder,GAD-7)和创伤后应激障碍检查表(Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist,PCL-5)来评估不同分组的心理健康状况差异。在 COVID-19 发病前和发病后,分别有 33%和 42.9%的受访者报告自己不活跃。58.2%的受访者报告自疫情爆发以来活动量减少。在疫情爆发前,活跃组的 CES-D(14.21 分比 19.07 分;Cohen's d:-0.414)、GAD-7(3.82 分比 5.47 分;Cohen's d:-0.359)和 PCL-5(15.92 分比 21.03 分;Cohen's d:-0.319)评分均低于不活跃组。在 COVID-19 发病后,活跃组的 CES-D(12.67 分比 20.03 分;Cohen's d:-0.669)、GAD-7(3.17 分比 5.87 分;Cohen's d:-0.598)和 PCL-5(13.39 分比 19.90 分;Cohen's d:-0.430)评分仍然较低。截肢者在 COVID-19 发病后报告活动量减少。与报告不活跃的患者相比,报告活跃的患者抑郁和焦虑症状评分有所改善。
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