Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34197-59811, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Midwifery. 2023 Aug;123:103727. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103727. Epub 2023 May 13.
Social capital means having resources and support in relationships and social ties. It can affect the individual's quality of life and mental health. The present study investigated the association between social capital with psychological status and quality of life among low-risk and high-risk pregnant women.
The present cross-sectional study was conducted with the participation of 394 pregnant women receiving prenatal care in urban comprehensive health centers in Qazvin, Iran. Two-stage sampling was used to select comprehensive health centers by random cluster sampling and then pregnant women randomly. Social capital, quality of life (QoL), psychological status, and demographic and obstetric characteristics were assessed. Uni-variable and multivariable linear regression models were used to analyze the data.
Among the participants, 267 had low-risk pregnancies (67.77%) and the remainder were high-risk. The mean age of participants was 27.94 years (SD=5.86), the mean gestational age was 23.63 weeks (SD=7.71). The mean overall quality of life score among low-risk pregnant women was 32.00 (SD=5.27) and among high-risk pregnant women was 29.70 (SD=3.65). High-risk pregnant women experienced significantly higher anxiety and depression and fear of COVID-19. Social capital had a significant and weak relationship with anxiety among low-risk pregnant women (r = 0.22, p < 0.001). Also, a weak and significant relationship between social capital and anxiety (r = 0.24, p = 0.007), depression (r = 0.24, p = 0.007) and fear of COVID-19 (r = 0.27, p = 0.002) was found among high-risk pregnant women.
Women with high-risk pregnancies experienced lower quality of life, higher anxiety and depression, and greater fear of COVID-19. There was also a weak relationship between social capital and the aforementioned variables among high-risk pregnant women. Designing and implementing interventions to increase quality of life and reduce anxiety and stress among high-risk pregnant women appears to be warranted.
社会资本是指在人际关系和社会关系中拥有资源和支持。它可以影响个体的生活质量和心理健康。本研究调查了社会资本与低风险和高风险孕妇心理状况和生活质量之间的关系。
本横断面研究招募了 394 名在伊朗卡兹温市综合卫生中心接受产前护理的孕妇。采用两阶段抽样方法，通过随机整群抽样选择综合卫生中心，然后随机选择孕妇。评估社会资本、生活质量（QoL）、心理状况以及人口统计学和产科特征。采用单变量和多变量线性回归模型分析数据。
在参与者中，有 267 人有低风险妊娠（67.77%），其余为高风险。参与者的平均年龄为 27.94 岁（SD=5.86），平均妊娠龄为 23.63 周（SD=7.71）。低风险孕妇的总体生活质量评分为 32.00（SD=5.27），高风险孕妇为 29.70（SD=3.65）。高风险孕妇的焦虑和抑郁以及对 COVID-19 的恐惧程度明显更高。社会资本与低风险孕妇的焦虑有显著的弱相关关系（r=0.22，p<0.001）。此外，社会资本与焦虑（r=0.24，p=0.007）、抑郁（r=0.24，p=0.007）和对 COVID-19 的恐惧（r=0.27，p=0.002）之间也存在显著的弱相关关系高危孕妇。
高风险孕妇的生活质量较低，焦虑和抑郁程度较高，对 COVID-19 的恐惧程度较大。高危孕妇的社会资本与上述变量之间也存在弱相关关系。设计和实施干预措施以提高高危孕妇的生活质量并减轻焦虑和压力似乎是必要的。
