Neurology Department, University of Health Sciences Haseki Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Health Sciences Haseki Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Pediatr Neurol. 2023 Jul;144:110-114. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2023.04.017. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
Epileptic encephalopathy with spike-and-wave activation in sleep (EE-SWAS) is a syndrome of childhood, characterized by diffuse or generalized spike-wave activity in electroencephalography during non-rapid eye movement sleep. Neuropeptides have been demonstrated in several studies to function in the sleep-wake cycle and display convulsant and anticonvulsant features. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between EE-SWAS and neuropeptides such as dynorphin, galanin, ghrelin, leptin, melatonin, and orexin.
This multicenter study was conducted from July 2019 to January 2021. There were three groups: Group 1 contained patients with EE-SWAS. Group 2 consisted of patients with self-limited focal epilepsy of childhood (SeLFE), and group 3 was the control group. Levels of neuropeptides were compared in the sera of these three groups.
There were 59 children aged between four and 15 years. Group 1 contained 14 children, group 2 contained 24 children, and group 3 contained 21 children. The level of leptin is higher and the level of melatonin is lower in group 1 than in group 3 (P = 0.01 and P = 0.005, respectively). In group 3, the level of orexin was lower than in both groups 2 and 3 (P = 0.01 and P = 0.01).
These data show that the level of leptin was higher and the level of melatonin was lower in patients with EE-SWAS than in the control group. Furthermore, patients with EE-SWAS had lower orexin levels than both the control group and patients with SeLFE. Further research is required to understand the potential role of these neuropeptides in the pathophysiology of EE-SWAS.
睡眠中棘波和尖波激活的癫痫性脑病（EE-SWAS）是一种儿童期综合征，其特征是在非快速眼动睡眠期间脑电图出现弥漫性或全身性棘波和尖波活动。几项研究表明神经肽在睡眠-觉醒周期中发挥作用，并具有致惊厥和抗惊厥特性。在这项研究中，我们旨在研究 EE-SWAS 与神经肽（如强啡肽、甘丙肽、生长激素释放肽、瘦素、褪黑素和食欲素）之间的关系。
这项多中心研究于 2019 年 7 月至 2021 年 1 月进行。研究分为三组：第 1 组为 EE-SWAS 患者，第 2 组为自限性儿童局灶性癫痫（SeLFE）患者，第 3 组为对照组。比较三组患者血清中神经肽的水平。
共有 59 名 4-15 岁的儿童入组，第 1 组 14 名儿童，第 2 组 24 名儿童，第 3 组 21 名儿童。第 1 组患儿的瘦素水平较高，褪黑素水平较低（P=0.01 和 P=0.005）。第 3 组患儿的食欲素水平低于第 2 组和第 3 组（P=0.01 和 P=0.01）。
这些数据表明，EE-SWAS 患者的瘦素水平较高，褪黑素水平较低。此外，EE-SWAS 患者的食欲素水平低于对照组和 SeLFE 患者。需要进一步研究以了解这些神经肽在 EE-SWAS 病理生理学中的潜在作用。
