Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Pediatric Radiology Unit, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2023 Jun;27(3):327-336. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1766097. Epub 2023 May 25.
The ankle and foot have numerous bones and complex joints that can be affected by several types of inflammatory arthritis with different patterns and various radiologic signs, depending on the phase of the disease. Involvement of these joints is most frequently seen in peripheral spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in adults and juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children. Although radiographs are a mainstay in the diagnostic process, ultrasonography and especially magnetic resonance imaging allow early diagnosis and are crucial diagnostic tools. Some diseases have typical features based on target populations (e.g., adults versus children, men versus women), but others may have overlapping imaging characteristics. We highlight key diagnostic features and describe appropriate investigations to guide clinicians toward the correct diagnosis and provide support during disease monitoring.
踝关节和足部有许多骨头和复杂的关节，这些关节可受到几种类型的炎性关节炎的影响，其表现形式和各种影像学征象因疾病阶段而异。这些关节的受累在成人外周脊柱关节炎和类风湿关节炎以及儿童幼年特发性关节炎中最为常见。虽然 X 线摄影是诊断过程中的主要方法，但超声检查，尤其是磁共振成像可以实现早期诊断，是至关重要的诊断工具。一些疾病基于特定人群（例如，成人与儿童、男性与女性）具有典型的影像学特征，但其他疾病可能具有重叠的影像学特征。我们重点介绍了关键的诊断特征，并描述了适当的检查方法，以指导临床医生做出正确的诊断，并在疾病监测期间提供支持。
