Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea "La Mayora", Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Department of Genetics and Developmental Science, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, Australia.
Plant Sci. 2023 Aug;333:111748. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111748. Epub 2023 May 23.
In the last decades, linkage mapping has help in the location of metabolite quantitative trait loci (QTL) in many species; however, this approach shows some limitations. Recently, thanks to the most recent advanced in high-throughput genotyping technologies like next-generation sequencing, metabolite genome-wide association study (mGWAS) has been proposed a powerful tool to identify the genetic variants in polygenic agrinomic traits. Fruit flavor is a complex interaction of aroma volatiles and taste being sugar and acid ratio key parameter for flavor acceptance. Here, we review recent progress of mGWAS in pinpoint gene polymorphisms related to flavor-related metabolites in fruits. Despite clear successes in discovering novel genes or regions associated with metabolite accumulation affecting sensory attributes in fruits, GWAS incurs in several limitations summarized in this review. In addition, in our own work, we performed mGWAS on 194 Citrus grandis accessions to investigate the genetic control of individual primary and lipid metabolites in ripe fruit. We have identified a total of 667 associations for 14 primary metabolites including amino acids, sugars, and organic acids, and 768 associations corresponding to 47 lipids. Furthermore, candidate genes related to important metabolites related to fruit quality such as sugars, organic acids and lipids were discovered.
在过去的几十年中，连锁图谱分析有助于在许多物种中定位代谢物数量性状位点 (QTL)；然而，这种方法存在一些局限性。最近，由于高通量基因分型技术（如下一代测序）的最新进展，代谢物全基因组关联研究 (mGWAS) 已被提出成为识别多基因复杂性状遗传变异的有力工具。果实风味是香气挥发物和味道之间的复杂相互作用，糖和酸的比例是风味接受的关键参数。在这里，我们综述了 mGWAS 在鉴定与果实风味相关代谢物有关的基因多态性方面的最新进展。尽管在发现与代谢物积累相关的新型基因或区域以影响果实感官特性方面取得了明显的成功，但 GWAS 存在一些局限性，在本综述中进行了总结。此外，我们在自己的工作中对 194 个甜橙品种进行了 mGWAS，以研究成熟果实中个体初级和脂类代谢物的遗传控制。我们总共鉴定出 14 种初级代谢物（包括氨基酸、糖和有机酸）的 667 个关联，以及对应于 47 种脂质的 768 个关联。此外，还发现了与果实品质相关的重要代谢物（如糖、有机酸和脂质）的候选基因。
