Sidhu Ajooni, Singla Neena
Department of Zoology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
Integr Zool. 2024 Jan;19(1):108-126. doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12733. Epub 2023 May 25.
Integrating fertility control techniques using steroid hormones after lethal control can help reduce post control rebuildup of rodent populations. The current study is the first to assess the antifertility effects of quinestrol in male lesser bandicoot rat, Bandicota bengalensis which is the predominant rodent pest species in Southeast Asia. Rats in different groups were fed bait containing 0.00%, 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.03% quinestrol for 10 days in laboratory and evaluated immediately, and 15, 30, and 60 days after treatment discontinuation for effect on reproduction and other antifertility parameters. Effect of 0.03% quinestrol treatment for 15 days was also observed in managing rodent populations in groundnut crop fields. Treatment resulted in average consumption of 19.53 ± 1.80, 67.63 ± 5.50, and 246.67 ± 1.78 mg/kg bwt active ingredient by three treated groups of rats, respectively. No reproduction was observed in female rats mated with male rats treated with 0.03% quinestrol, even 30 days after cessation of treatment. Post-mortem examination showed a significant (P < 0.0001) effect of treatment on organ weights (testis, cauda epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate gland) and different sperm parameters (sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm count, and sperm abnormality) in the cauda epididymal fluid with partial reversibility after 60 days. A significant (P < 0.0001) effect of quinestrol on the histomorphology of testis and cauda epididymis was observed, suggesting its effect on spermatogenesis. Affected cell association and cell count in seminiferous tubules did not fully recover within 60 days of stopping treatment. Evaluation of the effects of quinestrol treatment in groundnut fields showed greater reductions in rodent activity in fields treated with 2% zinc phosphide followed by 0.03% quinestrol treatment as compared to fields treated with 2% zinc phosphide alone. Research concludes that quinestrol has the potential to reduce fecundity and post control rebuildup of B. bengalensis populations, but long-term studies of the effectiveness of quinestrol under large-scale field conditions are needed to use it as part of an integrated pest control program for rodents.
在灭鼠后采用甾体激素整合生育控制技术，有助于减少灭鼠后啮齿动物种群数量的再度增长。本研究首次评估了炔雌醚对雄性小板齿鼠（Bandicota bengalensis）的抗生育作用，小板齿鼠是东南亚主要的啮齿类害虫。在实验室中，给不同组的大鼠投喂含0.00%、0.01%、0.02%和0.03%炔雌醚的饵料，持续10天，并立即进行评估，在停止投喂后15天、30天和60天评估其对生殖和其他抗生育参数的影响。还观察了0.03%炔雌醚处理15天对花生田鼠害治理的效果。三个处理组的大鼠分别平均消耗活性成分19.53±1.80、67.63±5.50和246.67±1.78mg/kg体重。与用0.03%炔雌醚处理过的雄性大鼠交配的雌性大鼠，即使在停止处理30天后也未出现繁殖现象。尸检显示，处理对器官重量（睾丸、附睾尾、精囊和前列腺）以及附睾尾液中的不同精子参数（精子活力、精子存活率、精子计数和精子异常）有显著影响（P<0.0001），60天后有部分可逆性。观察到炔雌醚对睾丸和附睾尾的组织形态学有显著影响（P<0.0001），表明其对精子发生有影响。在停止处理60天内，曲细精管中受影响的细胞关联和细胞计数未完全恢复。对花生田炔雌醚处理效果的评估表明，与仅用2%磷化锌处理的田块相比，先用2%磷化锌处理，再用0.03%炔雌醚处理的田块中啮齿动物活动的减少幅度更大。研究得出结论，炔雌醚有潜力降低小板齿鼠种群的繁殖力和灭鼠后种群数量的再度增长，但需要在大规模田间条件下对炔雌醚的有效性进行长期研究，以便将其用作啮齿动物综合害虫防治计划的一部分。
