Yıldız Muhammed, Orak Uğur, Aydoğdu Ramazan
Applied Sociology and Criminal Justice Department, Utah Tech University, 232 McDonald Center, 84770 St. George, UT USA.
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2022 Sep 2;16(2):297-307. doi: 10.1007/s40653-022-00482-1. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Exposure to traumas early in life has been found to have a range of negative health effects later in adulthood, including a higher risk for suicidal behavior. Using data from the Waves I (1994/95) and IV (2008) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health ( = 14,385; 49.35% female; in Wave IV = 29), this study examines the effects of exposure to three different types of early life traumas-emotional abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse before the age of 18-on adult suicidal ideation. Guided by the stress process model incorporated with a life-course perspective, potential mediating roles of psychological distress, subjective powerlessness, and perceived social rejection were also investigated. A series of regression and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation analyses were performed using Stata 14 to assess the total, direct, and indirect effects. All three early life trauma measures were found to be significantly and independently associated with a higher risk of suicidal ideation in adulthood. A substantive portion (between 30 and 50%) of the effects was mediated by psychological distress (i.e., depression and anxiety), subjective powerlessness, and perceived social rejection. The general policy implications of this study include evaluating suicidal individuals for prior childhood abuse experiences and assessing abuse survivors for suicidality.
研究发现，早年经历创伤会在成年后产生一系列负面健康影响，包括自杀行为风险升高。本研究利用青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究的第一波（1994/95年）和第四波（2008年）数据（样本量 = 14385；女性占49.35%；第四波样本量 = 29），考察18岁之前经历的三种不同类型的早年创伤——情感虐待、身体虐待和性虐待——对成人自杀意念的影响。以结合生命历程视角的压力过程模型为指导，还研究了心理困扰、主观无助感和感知到的社会排斥的潜在中介作用。使用Stata 14进行了一系列回归分析和卡尔森 - 霍尔姆 - 布林（KHB）中介分析，以评估总效应、直接效应和间接效应。研究发现，所有三种早年创伤指标均与成年后自杀意念风险升高显著且独立相关。相当一部分（30%至50%）的影响是由心理困扰（即抑郁和焦虑）、主观无助感和感知到的社会排斥介导的。本研究的总体政策意义包括评估有自杀倾向的个体是否有童年期受虐经历，以及评估受虐幸存者的自杀倾向。
