Mätzsch T, Karlsson B
J Trauma. 1986 Jun;26(6):538-43. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198606000-00008.
Injury patterns and epidemiologic data from 211 moped accident victims and 214 motorcycle accident casualties admitted to hospital over a 5-year period (1977-1981) have been analyzed and compared. The number of those injured in motorcycle accidents tripled; the number of moped accident victims slightly decreased in the period studied. Differences in injury pattern, sex ratio, cause of accident, and age distribution were noted. Among mopedists, head injuries were more common but these injuries decreased significantly after the adoption of helmet use laws for mopedists also in 1978. There were more females involved in moped accidents and the mean age was considerably higher among mopedists. Of those injured in moped accidents, 21% were 60 years old or older and accounted for 56% of fatalities in this group. The most frequent cause of moped accidents was collision with a car, and over turning or running off the road in motorcycle accidents. The difference in injury severity was unexpectedly small, although there was a tendency toward more severe injuries in motorcyclists. Moped accidents are so similar to motorcycle accidents that it seems unjustified to regard mopeds as harmless 'bicycles with a helper motor.' The need for formal registration, driving license, and helmet use laws for mopeds is apparent.
对1977年至1981年这5年间收治入院的211名助力车事故受害者和214名摩托车事故伤亡者的损伤模式及流行病学数据进行了分析和比较。在研究期间，摩托车事故受伤人数增至三倍；助力车事故受害者人数略有下降。研究发现了损伤模式、性别比例、事故原因及年龄分布方面的差异。在助力车骑行者中，头部受伤更为常见，但在1978年助力车骑行者也开始实施头盔使用法规后，此类损伤显著减少。助力车事故中有更多女性卷入，助力车骑行者的平均年龄要高得多。在助力车事故受伤者中，21%的人年龄在60岁及以上，占该组死亡人数的56%。助力车事故最常见的原因是与汽车相撞，而摩托车事故中最常见的原因是翻车或驶离道路。尽管摩托车骑行者的受伤情况有更严重的趋势，但损伤严重程度的差异出人意料地小。助力车事故与摩托车事故非常相似，因此将助力车视为无害的“带辅助发动机的自行车”似乎没有道理。显然，助力车需要有正式的登记、驾照及头盔使用法规。
