甲状腺癌的术前评估：当前最佳实践综述。

Preoperative Evaluation of Thyroid Cancer: A Review of Current Best Practices.

机构信息

Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Endocrine Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia.

出版信息

Endocr Pract. 2023 Oct;29(10):811-821. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2023.05.009. Epub 2023 May 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.eprac.2023.05.009

PMID:37236353

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The incidence of thyroid cancer has significantly increased in recent decades. Although most thyroid cancers are small and carry an excellent prognosis, a subset of patients present with advanced thyroid cancer, which is associated with increased rates of morbidity and mortality. The management of thyroid cancer requires a thoughtful individualized approach to optimize oncologic outcomes and minimize morbidity associated with treatment. Because endocrinologists usually play a key role in the initial diagnosis and evaluation of thyroid cancers, a thorough understanding of the critical components of the preoperative evaluation facilitates the development of a timely and comprehensive management plan. The following review outlines considerations in the preoperative evaluation of patients with thyroid cancer.

METHODS

A clinical review based on current literature was generated by a multidisciplinary author panel.

RESULTS

A review of considerations in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid cancer is provided. The topic areas include initial clinical evaluation, imaging modalities, cytologic evaluation, and the evolving role of mutational testing. Special considerations in the management of advanced thyroid cancer are discussed.

CONCLUSION

Thorough and thoughtful preoperative evaluation is critical for formulating an appropriate treatment strategy in the management of thyroid cancer.

摘要

目的

近年来，甲状腺癌的发病率显著增加。尽管大多数甲状腺癌体积较小且预后良好，但仍有一部分患者患有晚期甲状腺癌，其发病率和死亡率均较高。甲状腺癌的治疗需要采用深思熟虑的个体化方法，以优化肿瘤学结局并降低治疗相关的发病率。由于内分泌学家通常在甲状腺癌的初始诊断和评估中发挥关键作用，因此，充分了解术前评估的关键组成部分有助于制定及时和全面的管理计划。以下综述概述了甲状腺癌患者术前评估的注意事项。