Bard Alison M, Hinchliffe Stephen, Chan Kin Wing, Buller Henry, Reyher Kristen K
Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS40 5DU, UK.
Geography Department, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4RJ, UK.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2023 Apr 24;12(5):804. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12050804.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health and development threat, with calls for the optimisation of antimicrobial use (AMU) in the treatment of both humans and animals prevalent across national and international policy. Rapid, low-cost and readily available diagnostics that specifically identify pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles have been identified as essential parts of this optimisation process, yet questions over the assumed utility of novel rapid technology as a cornerstone of tackling agricultural AMU still exist. To understand whether this technology may support the optimisation of AMU in the treatment of animal disease, this study qualitatively examines the discourse between veterinarians, laboratory representatives, veterinary researchers and (cattle) farmers within three participatory events concerning diagnostic testing on UK farms, to offer a critical examination of the interaction between veterinary diagnostic practice and agricultural AMU. Veterinarian-led discussion suggested that veterinary rationales for engaging with diagnostic testing are nuanced and complex, where veterinarians (i) were driven by both medical and non-medical motivators; (ii) had a complex professional identity influencing diagnostic-test engagement; and (iii) balanced a multitude of situated contextual factors that informed "gut feelings" on test choice and interpretation. In consequence, it is suggested that data-driven diagnostic technologies may be more palatable for veterinarians to promote to their farm clients in the pursuit of better and more sustainable AMU, whilst also being in synergy with the emerging preventative role of the farm veterinarian.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是对全球健康与发展的一大威胁，在国内和国际政策中，普遍呼吁优化人类和动物治疗中的抗菌药物使用（AMU）。能够特异性识别病原体及其抗菌药敏谱的快速、低成本且易于获取的诊断方法，已被视为这一优化过程的关键部分，然而，新型快速技术作为解决农业领域抗菌药物使用问题基石的假定效用仍存在疑问。为了解该技术是否有助于优化动物疾病治疗中的抗菌药物使用，本研究对三场关于英国农场诊断检测的参与式活动中兽医、实验室代表、兽医研究人员和（养牛）农户之间的讨论进行了定性分析，以批判性审视兽医诊断实践与农业抗菌药物使用之间的相互作用。由兽医主导的讨论表明，兽医参与诊断检测的理由微妙且复杂，具体表现为：（i）受医学和非医学动机的双重驱动；（ii）具有复杂的职业身份，影响其参与诊断检测；（iii）平衡众多情境因素，这些因素形成了对检测选择和解读的“直觉”。因此，有人认为，数据驱动的诊断技术可能更容易被兽医接受，从而向农场客户推广，以实现更好、更可持续的抗菌药物使用，同时也与农场兽医新兴的预防作用相协同。
