Brito Gimena, Damián Juan Pablo, Suárez Gonzalo, Ruprechter Gretel, Trigo Pablo
Unidad de Análisis Clínicos, Imagenología y Laboratorio de Endocrinología y Metabolismo Animal, Departamento de Clinicas y Hospital Veterinario, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay.
Departamento de Biociencias Veterinarias, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 13000, Uruguay.
Animals (Basel). 2023 May 10;13(10):1602. doi: 10.3390/ani13101602.
RHU is the oldest endurance sport in Uruguay. However, despite 80 years of racing, there are no studies to characterize this type of competition, explore rates and causes of death, and identify the associated risk factors. The aim was to characterize the Raid Hipico Uruguayo (RHU) competencies according to the distance (short (SR, 60 km) vs. long (LR, 80-115 km)), the causes of deaths, and the associated risk factors. The study population comprised horses ( = 16,856) that participated in RHU rides from 2007 to 2018. LR were more frequent than SR ( < 0.001). The average speed of winners was higher in SR (32.12 km/h) than in LR (28.14 km/h) ( < 0.001). There were 99 fatalities (5.9 per 1000 starts). SR had greater frequency of high comfort index (CI = Temp [°F] + Humidity [%]) than LR, and LR had greater frequency of low CI than SR ( < 0.001). The percentage of inexperienced horses and those who completed the ride was greater in SR than in LR ( < 0.001). In both types of rides, more horses died during than after the ride, and inexperienced horses were more likely to suffer fatalities than horses with prior experience in the sport ( < 0.05). SR were associated with increased risk of sudden death, while LR were associated with increased risk of death due to metabolic alterations. The high fatality index shown in this work warrants urgent investigation in this sport to minimize mortality associated with RHU-specific diseases.
乌拉圭骑马耐力赛（RHU）是乌拉圭最古老的耐力运动。然而，尽管这项赛事已经举办了80年，但尚无研究对这类比赛进行特征描述、探究死亡率及原因，以及识别相关风险因素。目的是根据距离（短距离（SR，60公里）与长距离（LR，80 - 115公里））、死亡原因和相关风险因素，对乌拉圭骑马耐力赛（RHU）赛事进行特征描述。研究对象包括2007年至2018年参加乌拉圭骑马耐力赛的马匹（n = 16,856）。长距离比赛比短距离比赛更频繁（P < 0.001）。短距离比赛中获胜者的平均速度（32.12公里/小时）高于长距离比赛（28.14公里/小时）（P < 0.001）。有99例死亡（每1000次参赛中有5.9例）。短距离比赛中高舒适度指数（CI = 华氏温度[°F] + 湿度[%]）的频率高于长距离比赛，长距离比赛中低舒适度指数的频率高于短距离比赛（P < 0.001）。短距离比赛中无经验马匹和完成比赛的马匹的百分比高于长距离比赛（P < 0.001）。在两种类型的比赛中，比赛期间死亡的马匹多于赛后死亡的马匹，无经验的马匹比有该运动经验的马匹更容易死亡（P < 0.05）。短距离比赛与猝死风险增加相关，而长距离比赛与代谢改变导致的死亡风险增加相关。这项研究中显示的高死亡率指数需要对这项运动进行紧急调查，以尽量减少与乌拉圭骑马耐力赛特定疾病相关的死亡率。
