Nofima AS, Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, 1433 Ås, Norway.
Dietary Research Group, Centre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, Norway.
Nutrients. 2023 May 17;15(10):2344. doi: 10.3390/nu15102344.
Plant-based food provides more ALA (α-linolenic acid) and less EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexanoic acid) than marine food. Earlier studies indicate that cetoleic acid (22:1-11) stimulates the -3 pathway from ALA to EPA and DHA. The present study aimed to investigate the dietary effects of camelina oil (CA) high in ALA and sandeel oil (SA) high in cetoleic acid on the conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA. Male Zucker fa/fa rats were fed a diet of soybean oil (Ctrl) or diets of CA, SA, or a combination of CA and SA. Significantly higher levels of DPA (docosapentaenoic acid) and DHA in blood cells from the CA group compared to the Ctrl indicate an active conversion of ALA to DPA and DHA. Increasing the uptake and deposition of EPA and DHA meant that a trend towards a decrease in the liver gene expression of , , and along with an increase in the dietary content of SA was observed. However, 25% of the SA could be exchanged with CA without having a significant effect on EPA, DPA, or DHA in blood cells, indicating that bioactive components in SA, such as cetoleic acid, might counteract the inhibiting effect of the high dietary content of DHA on the -3 biosynthetic pathway.
植物性食物提供的 ALA（α-亚麻酸）比海洋食物多，而 EPA（二十碳五烯酸）和 DHA（二十二碳六烯酸）则较少。早期的研究表明，二十碳一烯酸（22:1-11）可以刺激从 ALA 到 EPA 和 DHA 的 -3 途径。本研究旨在探讨富含 ALA 的荠蓝籽油（CA）和富含二十碳一烯酸的毛鳞鱼籽油（SA）对 ALA 向 EPA 和 DHA 转化的膳食影响。雄性 Zucker fa/fa 大鼠分别喂食大豆油（对照）或 CA、SA 或 CA 和 SA 混合物的饮食。与对照组相比，CA 组的血细胞中 DPA（二十二碳五烯酸）和 DHA 的含量明显更高，表明 ALA 向 DPA 和 DHA 的转化较为活跃。EPA 和 DHA 的吸收和沉积增加意味着，随着饮食中 SA 含量的增加，观察到肝基因表达的 、 和 呈下降趋势。然而，25%的 SA 可以与 CA 交换，而不会对血细胞中的 EPA、DPA 或 DHA 产生显著影响，这表明 SA 中的生物活性成分，如二十碳一烯酸，可能会抵消高膳食 DHA 含量对 -3 生物合成途径的抑制作用。
Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2016-3
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