Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando, Oyuela-Gutiérrez María Camila, Delgado-Araujo Ana Camila, Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique
Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira 660003, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira 660003, Colombia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 May 12;16(5):743. doi: 10.3390/ph16050743.
Different drugs have been approved to reduce the intraocular pressure. However, most of them contain preservatives to maintain sterility and these can be toxic to the ocular surface. The aim was to determine the patterns of use of antiglaucoma agents and ophthalmic preservatives in a group of patients from Colombia.
A cross-sectional study that identified ophthalmic antiglaucoma agents from a population database of 9.2 million. Sociodemographic and pharmacological variables were considered. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were performed.
A total of 38,262 patients were identified, with a mean age of 69.2 ± 13.3 years, and 58.6% were women. A total of 98.8% were prescribed antiglaucoma drugs in multidose containers. The most widely used were prostaglandin analogs (59.9%), especially latanoprost (51.6%) and β-blockers (59.2%). A total of 54.7% of patients received combined management, especially with fixed-dose combination (FDC) drugs (41.3%). A total of 94.1% used antiglaucoma drugs with preservatives (benzalkonium chloride, 68.4%).
The pharmacological treatment of glaucoma was very heterogeneous, but the most commonly used therapeutic groups were in accordance with the recommendations of clinical practice guidelines but with differences by sex and age. Most of the patients were exposed to preservatives, especially benzalkonium chloride, but the wide use of FDC drugs can minimize toxicity on the ocular surface.
不同药物已被批准用于降低眼压。然而，它们中的大多数含有防腐剂以保持无菌状态，而这些防腐剂可能对眼表有毒性。目的是确定哥伦比亚一组患者中抗青光眼药物和眼科防腐剂的使用模式。
一项横断面研究，从920万人口数据库中识别眼科抗青光眼药物。考虑了社会人口统计学和药理学变量。进行了描述性和双变量分析。
共识别出38262名患者，平均年龄为69.2±13.3岁，58.6%为女性。98.8%的患者使用多剂量容器包装的抗青光眼药物。使用最广泛的是前列腺素类似物（59.9%），尤其是拉坦前列素（51.6%）和β受体阻滞剂（59.2%））。54.7%的患者接受联合治疗，尤其是使用固定剂量复方（FDC）药物（41.3%）。94.1%的患者使用含防腐剂（苯扎氯铵，68.4%）的抗青光眼药物。
青光眼的药物治疗非常多样化，但最常用的治疗组符合临床实践指南的建议，但存在性别和年龄差异。大多数患者接触到防腐剂，尤其是苯扎氯铵，但FDC药物的广泛使用可将眼表毒性降至最低。
