Cherednichenko Kirill, Kopitsyn Dmitry, Smirnov Egor, Nikolaev Nikita, Fakhrullin Rawil
Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, National University of Oil and Gas "Gubkin University", Moscow 119991, Russia.
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml Uramı 18, Kazan 420008, Russia.
Polymers (Basel). 2023 May 15;15(10):2314. doi: 10.3390/polym15102314.
First introduced in 1954, polyurethane foams rapidly became popular because of light weight, high chemical stability, and outstanding sound and thermal insulation properties. Currently, polyurethane foam is widely applied in industrial and household products. Despite tremendous progress in the development of various formulations of versatile foams, their use is hindered due to high flammability. Fire retardant additives can be introduced into polyurethane foams to enhance their fireproof properties. Nanoscale materials employed as fire-retardant components of polyurethane foams have the potential to overcome this problem. Here, we review the recent (last 5 years) progress that has been made in polyurethane foam modification using nanomaterials to enhance its flame retardance. Different groups of nanomaterials and approaches for incorporating them into foam structures are covered. Special attention is given to the synergetic effects of nanomaterials with other flame-retardant additives.
聚氨酯泡沫于1954年首次推出，因其重量轻、化学稳定性高以及出色的隔音和隔热性能而迅速流行起来。目前，聚氨酯泡沫广泛应用于工业和家用产品中。尽管在各种通用泡沫配方的开发方面取得了巨大进展，但由于其高易燃性，它们的使用受到了阻碍。可以将阻燃添加剂引入聚氨酯泡沫中以提高其防火性能。用作聚氨酯泡沫阻燃成分的纳米材料有潜力克服这一问题。在此，我们综述了最近（过去5年）在使用纳米材料改性聚氨酯泡沫以提高其阻燃性方面所取得的进展。涵盖了不同组别的纳米材料及其融入泡沫结构的方法。特别关注了纳米材料与其他阻燃添加剂的协同效应。
