Department of Physics and The James Franck and Enrico Fermi Institutes The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 May 12;130(19):197201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.197201.
Bistable objects that are pushed between states by an external field are often used as a simple model to study memory formation in disordered materials. Such systems, called hysterons, are typically treated quasistatically. Here, we generalize hysterons to explore the effect of dynamics in a simple spring system with tunable bistability and study how the system chooses a minimum. Changing the timescale of the forcing allows the system to transition between a situation where its fate is determined by following the local energy minimum to one where it is trapped in a shallow well determined by the path taken through configuration space. Oscillatory forcing can lead to transients lasting many cycles, a behavior not possible for a single quasistatic hysteron.
在外磁场推动下在两种稳定状态之间转换的双稳物体常被用作研究无序材料中记忆形成的简单模型。这样的系统，称为滞后器，通常被准静态地处理。在这里，我们推广滞后器来探索在具有可调双稳性的简单弹簧系统中动力学的影响，并研究系统如何选择最小值。改变强迫的时间尺度可以使系统在一种情况下转变，在这种情况下，它的命运由遵循局部能量最小值决定，而在另一种情况下，它被限制在由通过构型空间的路径决定的浅阱中。振荡强迫可以导致持续多个周期的瞬变，这是单个准静态滞后器不可能实现的行为。
