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媒体对超级老人的描绘会减少还是增加对老年人的年龄歧视?

Do media portrayals of super-agers reduce or increase ageism toward older adults?

作者信息

Lytle Ashley, Monahan Caitlin, Levy Sheri R

机构信息

College of Arts and Letters, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.

Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.

出版信息

Gerontol Geriatr Educ. 2024 Oct-Dec;45(4):566-570. doi: 10.1080/02701960.2023.2218817. Epub 2023 May 27.

Abstract

Super-agers are older adults with exemplary cognitive and/or physical abilities. However, the impact of media portrayals of super-agers is unknown. This study examined whether exposure to mass media stories about "moderate" super-agers (exemplary cognitive and physical skill levels) versus "extreme" super-agers (most extreme cognitive and physical skill levels) impacts young adults' ageism. Undergraduate participants exposed to media portrayals of moderate super-agers reported greater agreement with positive age stereotypes toward older adults, whereas participants exposed to extreme super-agers reported lower levels of ageism as compared to control participants. Based on these findings, young adults may perceive super-agers in a positive manner as super-agers highlight positive attributes. Since super-agers are often portrayed as defying negative stereotypes through diligence and a positive outlook (less so through good genes or access to healthcare), exposure to super-agers could have negative effects, which is an important future direction.

摘要

超级老人是指认知能力和/或身体能力出众的老年人。然而,媒体对超级老人的描绘所产生的影响尚不清楚。本研究调查了接触关于“适度”超级老人(认知和身体技能水平出众)与“极端”超级老人(最极端的认知和身体技能水平)的大众媒体报道是否会影响年轻人的年龄歧视观念。接触适度超级老人媒体报道的本科参与者表示更认同对老年人的积极年龄刻板印象,而接触极端超级老人报道的参与者与对照组相比,年龄歧视观念水平较低。基于这些发现,年轻人可能会以积极的方式看待超级老人,因为超级老人突出了积极的特质。由于超级老人常常被描绘为通过勤奋和积极的人生观来打破负面刻板印象(而非通过良好的基因或获得医疗保健),接触超级老人可能会产生负面影响,这是一个重要的未来研究方向。

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