Department of Urology, JN Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed-to-be-University), JNMC Campus, Belagavi, India.
Department of Surgical-Oncology, JN Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research (Deemed-to-be-University), JNMC Campus, Belagavi, India.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2023 May 1;24(5):1711-1715. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.5.1711.
Oral cancer is a major health problem. The study of exfoliative cytology material helps in the differentiation of premalignant and malignant alterations of oral lesions. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of detecting oral cancer by targeting genomic VPAC (combined vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide) receptors expressed on malignant oral cancer cells.
PATIENTS & METHODS: All patients with suspected oral cavity cancers/lesions formed the study group. The samples from the oral cavity lesion or suspicious area were collected with a cytology brush. The harvested material was examined for malignant cells by 1. the standard PAP stain and 2. targeting the VPAC receptors on the cell surface using a fluorescent microscope. Similarly, malignant cells were identified from cells shed in oral gargles.
A total of 60 patients with oral lesions were included in the study. The histopathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in 30 of these. The VPAC receptor positivity both on the brush cytology staining as well oral gargle staining was more sensitive than the brush cytology PAP staining. The accuracy of the various techniques was as follows, brush cytology PAP staining at 86.67%, brush cytology VPAC staining at 91.67% and oral gargle VPAC staining at 95%.
This preliminary study validates our belief that malignant cells in the saliva can be identified by targeting the VPAC receptors. The test is simple, easy, non-invasive and reliable in the detection of oral cancers.
口腔癌是一个主要的健康问题。研究脱落细胞学有助于区分口腔病变的癌前和恶性改变。本研究的目的是评估通过靶向表达在恶性口腔癌细胞上的基因组 VPAC（结合血管活性肠肽（VIP）和垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活肽）受体检测口腔癌的可行性。
所有疑似口腔癌/病变的患者均为研究组。使用细胞学刷采集口腔病变或可疑区域的样本。用 1. 标准 PAP 染色和 2. 荧光显微镜检测细胞表面的 VPAC 受体，对采集到的材料进行恶性细胞检查。同样，从口腔漱口液中脱落的细胞中鉴定恶性细胞。
共有 60 名患有口腔病变的患者纳入研究。其中 30 名的组织病理学诊断为鳞状细胞癌。刷细胞学染色和口腔漱口液染色的 VPAC 受体阳性均比刷细胞学 PAP 染色更敏感。各种技术的准确性如下：刷细胞学 PAP 染色为 86.67%，刷细胞学 VPAC 染色为 91.67%，口腔漱口液 VPAC 染色为 95%。
这项初步研究验证了我们的信念，即可以通过靶向 VPAC 受体来识别唾液中的恶性细胞。该测试简单、易用、非侵入性且可靠，可用于检测口腔癌。
