Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2023 May 30;55(7):1042-1051. doi: 10.3724/abbs.2023093.
As the foundation for the development of multicellular organisms and the self-renewal of single cells, cell division is a highly organized event which segregates cellular components into two daughter cells equally or unequally, thus producing daughters with identical or distinct fates. Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), an emerging biophysical concept, provides a new perspective for us to understand the mechanisms of a wide range of cellular events, including the organization of membrane-less organelles. Recent studies have shown that several key organelles in the cell division process are assembled into membrane-free structures via LLPS of specific proteins. Here, we summarize the regulatory functions of protein phase separation in centrosome maturation, spindle assembly and polarity establishment during cell division.
作为多细胞生物发育和单细胞自我更新的基础，细胞分裂是一个高度组织化的事件，它将细胞成分均等或不均等地分配到两个子细胞中，从而产生具有相同或不同命运的子细胞。液-液相分离（LLPS）是一个新兴的生物物理概念，为我们理解包括膜细胞器组织在内的广泛细胞事件的机制提供了新的视角。最近的研究表明，细胞分裂过程中的几个关键细胞器是通过特定蛋白质的 LLPS 组装成无膜结构的。在这里，我们总结了蛋白质相分离在中心体成熟、纺锤体组装和极性建立过程中对细胞分裂的调控作用。
