11 Carlotta Road, Double Bay NSW 2028, Australia.
National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4067, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2023 Jul;117:104064. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.104064. Epub 2023 May 30.
An increase in youth vaping has raised concerns, particularly for young people who have never smoked. However, most vaping by never-smokers is occasional and transient and frequent vaping by never-smokers is rare. Vaping is not risk-free but there is limited evidence of significant harm so far to young people who vape. There is weak evidence that vaping is a gateway to smoking. In fact, the evidence suggests that vaping is diverting young people away from smoking overall and is displacing smoking at a population level. The risk of nicotine dependence is very low in never-smokers who vape. Vaping is likely to be beneficial to young smokers who switch to vaping. Policy measures to reduce vaping are discussed. A tightly regulated, risk-proportionate consumer model is recommended to restrict vaping by young people while allowing easy access for adult smokers, for whom it is an effective and popular quitting aid.
青少年吸电子烟的人数增加引起了关注，尤其是对于从未吸烟的青少年。然而，大多数从未吸烟者偶尔吸电子烟，而且频繁吸电子烟的情况很少见。电子烟并非没有风险，但迄今为止，很少有证据表明吸电子烟对青少年有重大危害。有微弱的证据表明，吸电子烟是吸烟的一个途径。事实上，有证据表明，吸电子烟总体上使年轻人远离吸烟，并且在人口层面上取代了吸烟。从未吸烟的人中，尼古丁依赖的风险非常低，他们吸电子烟。对于那些转向吸电子烟的青少年吸烟者来说，吸电子烟可能是有益的。讨论了减少吸电子烟的政策措施。建议采用严格监管、风险相称的消费者模式，限制年轻人吸电子烟，同时为成年吸烟者提供方便，因为电子烟对他们来说是一种有效且受欢迎的戒烟辅助工具。
