School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 518107, China; Modern Agricultural Innovation Center, Henan Institute of Sun Yat-sen University, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmyard Soil Pollution Prevention Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
Environ Res. 2023 Aug 15;231(Pt 3):116258. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116258. Epub 2023 May 31.
Metal oxide modified biochars are increasingly being used for intensive agricultural soil remediation, but there has been limited research on their effects on soil phosphorus transformation, soil enzyme activity, microbe community and plant growth. Two highly-performance metal oxides biochars (FeAl-biochar and MgAl-biochar) were investigated for their effects on soil phosphorus availability, fractions, enzyme activity, microbe community and plant growth in two typical intensive fertile agricultural soils. Adding raw biochar to acidic soil increased NHCl-P content, while metal oxide biochar reduced NHCl-P content by binding to phosphorus. Original biochar slightly reduced Al-P content in lateritic red soil, while metal oxide biochar increased it. LBC and FBC significantly reduced Ca-P and Ca-P properties while improving Al-P and Fe-P, respectively. Inorganic phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria increased in abundance with biochar amendment in both soil types, and biochar addition affected soil pH and phosphorus fractions, leading to changes in bacterial growth and community structure. Biochar's microporous structure allowed it to adsorb phosphorus and aluminum ions, making them more available for plants and reducing leaching. In calcareous soils, biochar additions may dominantly increase the Ca (hydro)oxides bounded P or soluble P instead of Fe-P or Al-P through biotic pathways, favoring plant growth. The recommendations for using metal oxides biochar for fertile soil management include using LBC biochar for optimal performance in both P leaching reduction and plant growth promotion, with the mechanisms differing depending on soil type. This research highlights the potential of metal oxide modified biochars for improving soil fertility and reducing phosphorus leaching, with specific recommendations for their use in different soil types.
金属氧化物改性生物炭越来越多地被用于集约化农业土壤修复，但对于其对土壤磷转化、土壤酶活性、微生物群落和植物生长的影响的研究有限。两种高性能金属氧化物生物炭（FeAl-生物炭和 MgAl-生物炭）被用于研究它们对两种典型集约化肥沃农业土壤中土壤磷有效性、磷形态、酶活性、微生物群落和植物生长的影响。在酸性土壤中添加原始生物炭会增加 NHCl-P 含量，而金属氧化物生物炭通过与磷结合来降低 NHCl-P 含量。原始生物炭略微降低了红壤中 Al-P 的含量，而金属氧化物生物炭增加了它的含量。LBC 和 FBC 显著降低了 Ca-P 和 Ca-P 特性，同时分别提高了 Al-P 和 Fe-P。在两种土壤类型中，生物炭添加都会增加无机磷溶解细菌的丰度，生物炭的添加会影响土壤 pH 值和磷形态，导致细菌生长和群落结构发生变化。生物炭的微孔结构允许其吸附磷和铝离子，从而使它们更易被植物吸收，减少淋失。在石灰性土壤中，生物炭的添加可能主要通过生物途径增加 Ca（氢）氧化物结合的 P 或可溶 P，而不是 Fe-P 或 Al-P，从而有利于植物生长。关于在肥沃土壤管理中使用金属氧化物生物炭的建议包括使用 LBC 生物炭，以在减少磷淋失和促进植物生长方面达到最佳效果，其机制因土壤类型而异。这项研究强调了金属氧化物改性生物炭在提高土壤肥力和减少磷淋失方面的潜力，并针对不同土壤类型提出了具体的使用建议。
