He Xue-Hua, Yan Hong, Wang Chun-Yan, Duan Xue-Yun, Qiao Jia-Jia, Guo Xiao-Jun, Zhao Hong-Bin, Ren Dong, Li Jian-She, Zhang Qiang
Department of Blood Transfusion, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi Province, China.
Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
World J Biol Chem. 2023 May 27;14(3):62-71. doi: 10.4331/wjbc.v14.i3.62.
Erythrocyte alloantibodies are mainly produced after immune stimulation, such as blood transfusion, pregnancy, and transplantation, and are the leading causes of severe hemolytic transfusion reactions and difficulty in blood grouping and matching. Therefore, antibody screening is critical to prevent and improve red cell alloantibodies. Routine tube assay is the primary detection method of antibody screening. Recently, erythrocyte-magnetized technology (EMT) has been increasingly used in clinical practice. This study intends to probe the application and efficacy of the conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration to provide a reference for clinical blood transfusion.
To investigate the application value of conventional tube and EMT in red blood cell alloantibody titration and enhance the safety of blood transfusion practice.
A total of 1298 blood samples were harvested from blood donors at the Department of Blood Transfusion of our hospital from March 2021 to December 2022. A 5 mL blood sample was collected in tubing, which was then cut, and the whole blood was put into a test tube for centrifugation to separate the serum. Different red blood cell blood group antibody titers were simultaneously detected using the tube polybrene test, tube antiglobulin test (AGT), and EMT screening irregular antibody methods to determine the best test method.
Simultaneous detection was performed through the tube polybrene test, tube AGT and EMT screening irregular antibodies. It was discovered that the EMT screening irregular antibody method could detect all immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) irregular antibodies, and the results of manual tube AGT were satisfactory, but the operation time was lengthy, and the equipment had a large footprint. The EMT screening irregular antibody assay was also conducted to determine its activity against type O Rh (D) red blood cells, and the outcomes were satisfactory. Furthermore, compared to the conventional tube method, the EMT screening irregular antibody method was more cost-effective and had significantly higher detection efficiency.
With a higher detection rate, the EMT screening irregular antibody method can detect both IgG and IgM irregular antibodies faster and more effectively than the conventional tube method.
红细胞同种抗体主要在免疫刺激后产生，如输血、妊娠和移植，是严重溶血性输血反应及血型鉴定和配血困难的主要原因。因此，抗体筛查对于预防和改善红细胞同种抗体至关重要。常规试管法是抗体筛查的主要检测方法。近年来，红细胞磁化技术（EMT）在临床实践中的应用越来越广泛。本研究旨在探讨传统试管法和EMT在红细胞同种抗体滴定中的应用及效果，为临床输血提供参考。
探讨传统试管法和EMT在红细胞同种抗体滴定中的应用价值，提高输血实践的安全性。
2021年3月至2022年12月，收集我院输血科献血者的1298份血样。用采血管采集5 mL血样，然后剪断采血管，将全血放入试管中离心分离血清。同时采用试管凝聚胺试验、试管抗球蛋白试验（AGT）和EMT筛查不规则抗体方法检测不同红细胞血型抗体效价，以确定最佳检测方法。
通过试管凝聚胺试验、试管AGT和EMT筛查不规则抗体进行同步检测。发现EMT筛查不规则抗体方法能检测出所有免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）不规则抗体，手工试管AGT结果满意，但操作时间长，设备占地面积大。还进行了EMT筛查不规则抗体试验以确定其对O型Rh（D）红细胞的活性，结果满意。此外，与传统试管法相比，EMT筛查不规则抗体方法更具成本效益，检测效率显著更高。
EMT筛查不规则抗体方法检测率更高，比传统试管法能更快、更有效地检测出IgG和IgM不规则抗体。
