Université Côte d'Azur et CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, 06560 Valbonne, France
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2023 Jul 5;15(7):a041409. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041409.
The number of double bonds in the acyl chains of membrane lipids varies tremendously at all scales of life, from the organism level to the subcellular level, where differences in lipid unsaturation can be observed between two membrane leaflets or between two continuous regions of the same organelle. Here, we review different approaches that have been used to understand the variability in the acyl chain composition of lipid membranes. We suggest that a full understanding of lipid unsaturation is limited not only by technical difficulties but also because some properties afforded by unsaturated lipids in membrane lipids are likely to be subtler than a mere effect on 2D fluidity, notably, the way the position of double bonds in the acyl chains affect the motion of transmembrane proteins, the adsorption of peripheral proteins, or some mechanical properties of the membrane.
膜脂酰链中的双键数量在生命的各个尺度上都有很大的变化，从生物体水平到亚细胞水平，在两个膜叶层之间或同一细胞器的两个连续区域之间，都可以观察到脂质不饱和程度的差异。在这里，我们回顾了用于理解脂质膜中酰链组成可变性的不同方法。我们认为，对脂质不饱和性的全面理解不仅受到技术困难的限制，而且还因为膜脂中不饱和脂质所赋予的一些特性可能比单纯的对 2D 流动性的影响更为微妙，特别是酰链中双键的位置如何影响跨膜蛋白的运动、外周蛋白的吸附或膜的某些机械性质。
