de Freitas Raquel L, Augusto Pedro P C, Luccas Valdecir, Bolini Helena M A
Food Engineering and Technology Department, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Cereal and Chocolate Research Center (CEREAL CHOCOTEC), Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Food Sci Technol Int. 2025 Jan;31(1):83-92. doi: 10.1177/10820132231179764. Epub 2023 Jun 5.
Conching is a processing stage of industrial chocolate manufacture that is essential to the development of the sensory and rheological properties of the finished product. It promotes the physicochemical changes leading to flavor, aroma, and flowability refinement by continuously heating, aerating, shearing, and homogenizing chocolate mass during an extended time length. Conching duration is a key processing parameter that depends on the type of chocolate, the quality of primary ingredients, the conche's configuration, and the desired sensory outcome in the chocolate. Shorter cycles are often beneficial to manufacturers, due to increased productivity and reduced energy consumption, but they may be insufficient to fully develop chocolate's desired sensory properties. The present study aimed to shed light on the trade-off between product quality and process efficiency by assessing if varying conching durations were associated with statistically significant differences in the sensory profile and consumer acceptance of milk chocolates with freeze-dried blueberry. Samples were produced under an alternative method of conching prior to ball mill refining, with times investigated being 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h, and were subsequently submitted to Quantitative Descriptive Analysis and consumer acceptance test. No statistically significant differences in either sensory profiles or consumer acceptance ratings of samples were observed, with the exception of hedonic values for aroma, indicating that a 6-h conching cycle was already enough to develop the sensory properties of the milk chocolate with freeze-dried blueberry. The feasibility of shorter conching times suggests a potential for energy saving and increased productivity in the production of milk chocolates following the conching prior to ball mill refining concept.
精磨是工业巧克力生产中的一个加工阶段,对于成品的感官和流变学特性的发展至关重要。它通过在较长时间内持续加热、充气、剪切和均质巧克力浆,促进导致风味、香气和流动性改善的物理化学变化。精磨时间是一个关键的加工参数,它取决于巧克力的类型、主要原料的质量、精磨机的配置以及巧克力所需的感官结果。较短的周期通常对制造商有利,因为可以提高生产率和降低能耗,但可能不足以充分发展巧克力所需的感官特性。本研究旨在通过评估不同的精磨时间是否与含冻干蓝莓的牛奶巧克力的感官特征和消费者接受度的统计学显著差异相关,来阐明产品质量和工艺效率之间的权衡。样品在球磨精制之前采用另一种精磨方法生产,研究的时间为6、12、24、36、48和72小时,随后进行定量描述分析和消费者接受度测试。除了香气的享乐值外,样品的感官特征或消费者接受度评分均未观察到统计学显著差异,这表明6小时的精磨周期已经足以发展含冻干蓝莓的牛奶巧克力的感官特性。较短精磨时间的可行性表明,在球磨精制概念之前进行精磨的牛奶巧克力生产中,存在节能和提高生产率的潜力。
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