Hoperskaya Olga A, Zviadadzez Ketevan G
Institute of General Genetics, Academy of Science, Gubkin Street 3, V-333, Moscow GSP-1, 117809, USSR.
Institute of Zoology, Academy of Science, Georgian SSR, Tbilissi, USSR.
Dev Growth Differ. 1981;23(3):201-213. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-169X.1981.00201.x.
The mechanisms of transdifferentiation of iris epithelial cells of Rana temporaria (Anura) in culture depending on influences from different sources were studied. In terminally differentiated iris cells, the process of transdifferentiation is initiated by dedifferentiation. Melanosomes are shed from iris cells due to cell surface activity. After depigmentation, iris epithelial cells become capable of proliferating and competent to react to the influences of various exogenous factors. Under the influence of retinal factors secreted by lentectomized tadpole eyes, both dorsal and ventral irises are converted to neural retina. Under the influence of factors from eye vesicles, the irises are converted to neural retina as well. Similar results were obtained in transfilter experiments, in which a 3-day period of transfilter interaction between the irises and eye vesicles ensured depigmentation of the iris followed by transdifferentiation into complete NR with visual receptor. Lentoid formation occurred under the influence of adult frog lens epithelium. Immunofluorescent analysis confirmed the lens nature of the lentoids. In control experiments under the conditions of the tadpole eye orbit, in which programming influences were absent, iris epithelial cells remained unaffected. The problem of true cell-reprogramming to new differentiation in contrast to expression of inherent properties of the iris epithelial cells is discussed.
研究了黑斑蛙（无尾目）培养的虹膜上皮细胞在不同来源影响下的转分化机制。在终末分化的虹膜细胞中，转分化过程由去分化启动。由于细胞表面活性，黑素体从虹膜细胞中脱落。色素脱失后，虹膜上皮细胞能够增殖，并能够对各种外源性因素的影响做出反应。在摘除晶状体的蝌蚪眼分泌的视网膜因子影响下，背侧和腹侧虹膜均转化为神经视网膜。在眼泡因子的影响下，虹膜也会转化为神经视网膜。在透膜实验中也得到了类似的结果，在该实验中，虹膜与眼泡之间3天的透膜相互作用确保了虹膜的色素脱失，随后转分化为具有视觉感受器的完整神经视网膜。在成年青蛙晶状体上皮的影响下形成了晶状体样结构。免疫荧光分析证实了晶状体样结构的晶状体性质。在蝌蚪眼眶条件下的对照实验中，由于不存在编程影响，虹膜上皮细胞未受影响。讨论了与虹膜上皮细胞固有特性表达相反的真正细胞重编程为新分化的问题。
