Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Comprehensive Center of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Neuropsychiatr. 2024 Jun;38(2):82-91. doi: 10.1007/s40211-023-00469-w. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
59% of Viennese day care children have a first language other than German. Lower proficiency in the second language German might be typical in multilingual settings, but might also be due to language disorder (ICD-10:F80 or comorbid). Diagnostic practise in Austria focuses on second language evaluation. This study describes a group of multilingual children with suspected language impairment at a specialized counselling hour and reflects the role of the first language in language evaluation.
Linguistic evaluation (typically developed, ICD-10:F80, comorbid language disorder) and sociodemographic parameters of 270 children (time period: 2013-2020) are investigated. Linguistic results are reported according to primary diseases. For children without primary disease the relation between the linguistic evaluation and sociodemographic parameters is assessed.
Overall, the children had 37 different first languages (74% were bilingual, 26% multilingual). The percentage of children with typical development and comorbid language development varied according to primary disease. Children without primary disease had higher chances of typical development the older they were at the examination, the earlier they produced first words, and if there was no heredity for ICD-10:F80.
Results suggest that evaluating the children's first language is useful since it contributes to understanding the individual language development at different linguistic levels, despite the heterogeneity of the children, and, thus, allows practitioners to recommend the best possible support.
59%的维也纳日托儿童的母语不是德语。在多语言环境中，第二语言德语的熟练程度较低可能是典型的，但也可能是由于语言障碍（ICD-10：F80 或合并症）。奥地利的诊断实践侧重于第二语言评估。本研究描述了一组在专门咨询时间患有疑似语言障碍的多语言儿童，并反映了第一语言在语言评估中的作用。
对 270 名儿童（时间范围：2013-2020 年）的语言评估（典型发育、ICD-10：F80、合并语言障碍）和社会人口学参数进行了调查。根据主要疾病报告语言评估结果。对于没有主要疾病的儿童，评估语言评估与社会人口学参数之间的关系。
总体而言，这些儿童有 37 种不同的母语（74%为双语，26%为多语）。具有典型发育和合并语言发育障碍的儿童比例因主要疾病而异。没有主要疾病的儿童，如果在检查时年龄较大、较早地说出第一句话，并且没有 ICD-10：F80 的遗传因素，他们具有典型发育的可能性就越高。
结果表明，评估儿童的第一语言是有用的，因为它有助于理解不同语言水平的个体语言发展，尽管儿童存在异质性，从而使从业者能够推荐最佳的支持。
