Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, España; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España.
Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, España; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón - IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, España.
Animal. 2023 Jun;17(6):100862. doi: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100862. Epub 2023 May 18.
Proanthocyanidins (PAC) can modulate the fatty acid (FA) profile of animal products and make them healthier for human consumption, but their effects are highly variable depending on several factors such as PAC chemical structure or dose. The present experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of PAC on the milk FA profile of Rasa Aragonesa ewes fed fresh sainfoin (PAC-containing forage legume) during the rearing period of suckling lambs (4 weeks postlambing). Twenty lactating ewes rearing a single male lamb were fed fresh sainfoin ad libitum plus 200 g/d of barley. Half the ewes were orally dosed with 100 mL of water (Sainfoin Group; n = 10) and the other half with polyethylene glycol (50 g PEG4000/100 mL water, Sainfoin + PEG Group; n = 10) to block PAC effects. Sainfoin and milk samples were collected weekly to determine their FA profile by gas chromatography. Fresh sainfoin contents of C18:3n-3 decreased from week 1 to week 2, C16:0 and C18:0 increased from week 1 to week 3, and C18:2n-6 did not change. Regarding milk FA, there were minor effects of PAC on milk-saturated FA. During the whole study, the presence of PAC increased C18:0, C18:2n-6, C18:3n-3 and total polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) n-6 and n-3, and decreased C18:1 t11, branched- and odd-chain FA. However, the decrease of milk concentrations of trans-monounsaturated FA, C18:1 t10, and total conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and the increase of total PUFA due to the presence of PAC occurred only in week 1, while CLA c9,t11 was lower during weeks 1 and 2. The canonical analyses confirmed the differences between treatments in the FA profile of milk. Overall, the use of fresh sainfoin in the diet of lactating ewes resulted in a beneficial modification of the concentration of several milk FAs, suggesting some changes in ruminal biohydrogenation.
原花青素（PAC）可以调节动物产品的脂肪酸（FA）谱，使其更有益于人类食用，但它们的效果因 PAC 化学结构或剂量等多种因素而高度可变。本实验旨在评估 PAC 对哺乳期羔羊（产后 4 周）哺乳期 Rasa Aragonesa 母羊牛奶 FA 谱的影响。20 只泌乳母羊自由采食新鲜紫云英（含 PAC 的饲料豆科植物），并每天额外喂食 200g 大麦。一半母羊口服 100ml 水（紫云英组；n=10），另一半母羊口服聚乙二醇（50g PEG4000/100ml 水，紫云英+聚乙二醇组；n=10）以阻断 PAC 的作用。每周采集紫云英和牛奶样本，通过气相色谱法测定其 FA 谱。从第 1 周到第 2 周，C18:3n-3 的新鲜紫云英含量下降，从第 1 周到第 3 周，C16:0 和 C18:0 增加，而 C18:2n-6 没有变化。关于牛奶 FA，PAC 对牛奶饱和 FA 有轻微影响。在整个研究过程中，PAC 的存在增加了 C18:0、C18:2n-6、C18:3n-3 和总多不饱和 FA（PUFA）n-6 和 n-3，并降低了 C18:1 t11、支链和奇数链 FA。然而，由于 PAC 的存在，牛奶中反式单不饱和 FA、C18:1 t10 和总共轭亚油酸（CLA）的浓度降低，总多不饱和 FA 增加仅发生在第 1 周，而 CLA c9,t11 在第 1 周和第 2 周较低。典型分析证实了处理之间在牛奶 FA 谱上的差异。总体而言，在泌乳母羊的饮食中使用新鲜紫云英导致了几种牛奶 FA 浓度的有益改变，表明瘤胃生物氢化发生了一些变化。
