UQ Business School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
UQ Business School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Department of Marketing, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.
Appetite. 2023 Sep 1;188:106612. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106612. Epub 2023 Jun 5.
Climate change mitigation is now a matter of urgency. Substantial mitigation effects can be achieved by changing consumer behavior, including food choice. Food systems generate 34% of global greenhouse emissions. Researchers can contribute to climate change mitigation by developing theory-informed interventions that entice consumers to choose low-emissions foods. This meta-analysis synthesizes past research, which developed interventions to influence food choices in restaurants and tested them experimentally. We meta-analyzed 83 interventions that aimed to entice people to choose low emissions meals. Results indicate that the primary focus of interventions developed to date is to change beliefs to alter food choices. Our meta-analysis reveals that such belief-based interventions have only a small effect particularly on food choice behavior (compared to intentions). Some alternative behavior change approaches prove to be more effective, including increasing the enjoyment associated with choosing the target meal, increasing its availability, and making it more convenient to choose. Our meta-analysis highlights that more field studies are needed. Only 25 out of 83 interventions took place in the field, with the remainder taking place in simulated restaurants (i.e., survey studies). Future research should focus on intervention mechanisms that have proven successful in the simulated restaurant context as well as on novel theoretical approaches that remain entirely unexplored, including targeting habits by either activating or deliberately disrupting them.
气候变化缓解迫在眉睫。通过改变消费者行为，包括食物选择，可以实现大量的减排效果。食物系统产生了全球温室气体排放的 34%。研究人员可以通过开发基于理论的干预措施来为气候变化缓解做出贡献，这些干预措施可以诱使消费者选择低排放的食物。本荟萃分析综合了过去的研究，这些研究开发了影响餐厅食物选择的干预措施，并对其进行了实验测试。我们对 83 项旨在诱使人们选择低排放餐食的干预措施进行了荟萃分析。结果表明，迄今为止开发的干预措施的主要重点是改变信念以改变食物选择。我们的荟萃分析表明，这种基于信念的干预措施，特别是在食物选择行为方面（与意图相比），效果很小。一些替代的行为改变方法被证明更有效，包括增加选择目标餐食的乐趣，增加其可获得性，并使其更方便选择。我们的荟萃分析强调需要进行更多的现场研究。83 项干预措施中只有 25 项在现场进行，其余的则在模拟餐厅进行（即调查研究）。未来的研究应侧重于在模拟餐厅环境中已被证明有效的干预机制，以及尚未探索的新理论方法，包括通过激活或故意破坏习惯来针对习惯。
