Center for Engineering, Modeling, and Applied Social Sciences (CECS), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, CEP 09210-210 Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Adolfo Lutz Institute, Santo André Regional Center, Av. Ramiro Colleoni, 240, CEP 09040-160 Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jul 15;243:125228. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125228. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (MaEO) is a green antimicrobial agent suitable for confection eco-friendly disinfectants to substitute conventional chemical disinfectants commonly formulated with toxic substances that cause dangerous environmental impacts. In this contribution, MaEO-in-water Pickering emulsions were successfully stabilized with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) by a simple mixing procedure. MaEO and the emulsions presented antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Moreover, MaEO deactivated the SARS-CoV-2 virions immediately. FT-Raman and FTIR spectroscopies indicate that the CNF stabilizes the MaEO droplets in water by the dipole-induced-dipole interactions and hydrogen bonds. The factorial design of experiments (DoE) indicates that CNF content and mixing time have significant effects on preventing the MaEO droplets' coalescence during 30-day shelf life. The bacteria inhibition zone assays show that the most stable emulsions showed antimicrobial activity comparable to commercial disinfectant agents such as hypochlorite. The MaEO/water stabilized-CNF emulsion is a promissory natural disinfectant with antibacterial activity against these bacteria strains, including the capability to damage the spike proteins at the SARS-CoV-2 particle surface after 15 min of direct contact when the MaEO concentration is 30 % v/v.
互叶白千层精油（MaEO）是一种绿色的抗菌剂，适用于糖果环保型消毒剂，以替代通常含有有毒物质的传统化学消毒剂，这些物质会对环境造成危险影响。在本研究中，通过简单的混合过程，成功地用纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）稳定了 MaEO-水 Pickering 乳液。MaEO 和乳液对金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）和大肠杆菌（E. coli）表现出抗菌活性。此外，MaEO 可立即使 SARS-CoV-2 病毒失活。FT-Raman 和 FTIR 光谱表明，CNF 通过偶极子诱导偶极子相互作用和氢键稳定了水中的 MaEO 液滴。实验设计（DoE）的析因设计表明，CNF 含量和混合时间对防止 MaEO 液滴在 30 天保质期内聚结有显著影响。抑菌圈试验表明，最稳定的乳液表现出与次氯酸盐等商业消毒剂相当的抗菌活性。MaEO/水稳定-CNF 乳液是一种有前途的天然消毒剂，对这些细菌菌株具有抗菌活性，并且在 MaEO 浓度为 30%v/v 时，可在与 SARS-CoV-2 颗粒表面直接接触 15 分钟后破坏病毒表面的刺突蛋白。
