The pretreatment of the sustainable biomass feedstock of Pennisetum giganteum for biorefinery using deep eutectic solvents.

In this study, Pennisetum giganteum (PG) was investigated as lignocellulosic feedstock to be pretreated by the acidic and basic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to generate monomeric sugars. The basic DESs showed excellent efficiency of delignification and saccharification. ChCl/MEA can remove 79.8 % lignin and reserve 89.5 % cellulose. As a result, 95.6 % glucose and 88.0 % xylose yield were obtained, significantly enhanced 9.4 and 15.5 times in contrast with those of the unpretreated PG. The 3D microstructures of raw and pretreated PG were constructed for the first time to better investigate the pretreatment effect on its structure. The increasing porosity (20.5 %) and the reducing CrI (42.2 %) contributed in enhancing enzymatic digestion. Moreover, the recyclability of DES indicated that at least 90 % DES was recovered and 59.5 % lignin still can removed with 79.8 % glucose were obtained after five recycling cycles. Meanwhile, 51.6 % lignin was recovered throughout the recycling process.