尼日利亚埃努古州恩苏卡社区居住的老年人的邻里安全、跌倒指数、身体活动水平和社会参与限制。
Neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level and social participation restrictions from a population of community-dwelling older adults in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
机构信息
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Nnamdi Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2023 Jun 9;23(1):358. doi: 10.1186/s12877-023-04059-x.
BACKGROUND
Restriction in physical activity (PA) and social participation restriction (PR) can be heightened in the presence of fear of fall (FOF), fall experience, and perceived unsafe neighborhood, particularly among older adults. Despite the enormous benefits of social participation and physical activity, many older adults remain vulnerable to participation restriction and this probably accounts for a significant proportion of health challenges for older adults.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the relationship between neighborhood safety (NS), fall indices, physical activity, and social participation restriction among older adults from selected communities in Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional survey of 170 recruited via consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. Socio-demographic variables, co-morbidities, and fall prevalence were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The study instruments include the PA neighborhood environment scale - Nigeria (PANES-N), PA scale for elderly (PASE), Participation scale (PS), Modified fall efficacy scale (MFES), and Fall risk assessment tool (FRAT) and fall indices.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviations, frequency counts, and percentages were used to analyze the socio-demographic variables, and Inferential statistics of Spearman rank order correlation were used to determine the relationship among the neighborhood safety, fall indices, physical activity level, and participation restrictions.
RESULTS
PR has a negative relationship with NS (r = -0.19, p- 0.01), and fall efficacy (r = -0.52, p- 0.001). However, PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (r = 0.36, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Participation restriction is negatively correlated with neighborhood safety, fall efficacy, and PA. The PR has a positive relationship with fall risk (FR).
背景
在存在跌倒恐惧（FOF）、跌倒经历和感知到不安全的邻里环境的情况下，体力活动（PA）和社会参与限制可能会加剧，尤其是在老年人中。尽管社会参与和体力活动有巨大的益处，但许多老年人仍然容易受到参与限制的影响，这可能是老年人面临的许多健康挑战的重要原因。
目的
本研究调查了尼日利亚恩古州 Nsukka 选定社区的老年人的邻里安全（NS）、跌倒指数、体力活动和社会参与限制之间的关系。
方法
这是一项横断面调查，通过连续非概率抽样技术招募了 170 名参与者。使用自我管理问卷获得社会人口统计学变量、合并症和跌倒发生率。研究工具包括尼日利亚体力活动邻里环境量表（PANES-N）、老年人体力活动量表（PASE）、参与量表（PS）、修改后的跌倒效能量表（MFES）和跌倒风险评估工具（FRAT）以及跌倒指数。
统计分析
使用均值和标准差、频数计数和百分比的描述性统计来分析社会人口统计学变量，并使用 Spearman 秩相关的推断统计来确定邻里安全、跌倒指数、体力活动水平和参与限制之间的关系。
结果
参与限制与 NS（r=-0.19，p=0.01）和跌倒效能（r=-0.52，p=0.001）呈负相关。然而，参与限制与跌倒风险（r=0.36，p=0.001）呈正相关。
结论
参与限制与邻里安全、跌倒效能和 PA 呈负相关。参与限制与跌倒风险（FR）呈正相关。
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