Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No 157, West Five Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Jun 8;18(1):416. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-03896-1.
The goat cervical spine represents a promising alternative for human specimen in spinal implant testing, but the range of motion (ROM) of the spine is lacking. We aimed to evaluate and compare the ROMs of fresh goat and human mid-cervical spine specimens.
Ten fresh adult healthy male goat cervical spine specimens (G group) and ten fresh frozen adult healthy human cervical spine specimens (average age: 49.5 ± 12.1 years; 6 males, 4 females) (H group) were included. The ROMs of each specimen were biomechanically tested at the C, C, C and C levels at 1.5 Nm and 2.5 Nm torque and recorded. The ROMs of different levels of goat cervical samples were compared to those of human cervical samples using an independent sample t test. Significance was defined as a P value of less than 0.05.
At the C, C and C levels, the ROMs of the goat cervical spine were significantly larger than those of the human cervical spine in all directions except extension under 1.5 Nm torque; under 2.5 Nm torque, the ROMs of the goat cervical spine at the C and C levels were significantly larger than those of humans in the pure movement of flexion, lateral bending and axial rotation, and the ROMs for axial rotation of the goat specimens and human specimens were comparable. Under both 1.5 Nm and 2.5 Nm torque, the goat cervical spine displayed a much greater ROM in all directions at the C level.
Several segmental ROMs of fresh goat and human cervical spine specimens were recorded in this investigation. We recommend using goat cervical specimens as an alternative to fresh human cervical specimens in future studies when focusing only on the ROMs of C, C and C in flexion under a torque of 1.5 Nm or the ROMs of C and C in flexion and rotation under a torque of 2.5 Nm.
山羊颈椎在脊柱植入物测试中是一种很有前途的人类标本替代物，但颈椎活动度（ROM）缺乏。我们旨在评估和比较新鲜山羊和人类颈段中段颈椎标本的 ROM。
纳入 10 个新鲜成年健康雄性山羊颈椎标本（G 组）和 10 个新鲜冷冻成年健康人颈椎标本（平均年龄：49.5±12.1 岁；6 名男性，4 名女性）（H 组）。在 1.5 Nm 和 2.5 Nm 扭矩下，对每个标本的 C、C、C 和 C 水平的 ROM 进行生物力学测试，并进行记录。使用独立样本 t 检验比较山羊颈椎样本不同水平的 ROM 与人类颈椎样本的 ROM。定义显著性水平为 P 值小于 0.05。
在 C、C 和 C 水平，除了在 1.5 Nm 扭矩下的伸展方向外，山羊颈椎的 ROM 在所有方向均显著大于人类颈椎；在 2.5 Nm 扭矩下，山羊颈椎在 C 和 C 水平的屈伸、侧屈和轴向旋转纯运动方向的 ROM 显著大于人类，而山羊标本和人类标本的轴向旋转 ROM 相当。在 1.5 Nm 和 2.5 Nm 扭矩下，山羊颈椎在 C 水平的所有方向均具有更大的 ROM。
本研究记录了新鲜山羊和人类颈椎标本的几个节段 ROM。我们建议，在仅关注 1.5 Nm 扭矩下 C、C 和 C 水平的屈伸 ROM 或 2.5 Nm 扭矩下 C 和 C 水平的屈伸和旋转 ROM 时，使用山羊颈椎标本作为新鲜人类颈椎标本的替代物。
