Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Medical Pathology Department, Konya, Turkey.
Int J Surg Pathol. 2024 Apr;32(2):331-339. doi: 10.1177/10668969231180270. Epub 2023 Jun 8.
. This study aims to review the morphological and immunohistochemical features of testicular tumors and compare them with prognostic parameters. . Testicular tumors diagnosed between January 2011 and September 2021 were reviewed. Patient age, tumor subtype, size, spread, lateralization, number of foci, and immunohistochemical results were recorded. . A total of 121 tumors were detected, of which 108 (89%) were germ cell tumors (GCTs). Of the germ cell tumors, 70 (65%) were found to be pure type, and 38 (35%) were mixed germ cell tumors. The ratio of pure seminoma among GCTs was 56/108 (52%). Lymphatic/vascular invasion (LVI) was detected in 48/121 (40%), rete testis invasion in 32/121 (26%), hilar soft tissue invasion in 10/121 (8%), epididymal invasion in 5/121 (4%), and spermatic cord invasion in 5/121 (4%) patients. Lymphatic/vascular invasion was observed in 6 (22%) of 27 germ cell tumors smaller than 3 cm in size, and rete testis invasion was observed in 2 (7%), while in 40 (55%) of the 73 germ cell tumors of 3 cm and above, lymphatic/vascular invasion was seen, and 26 (36%) of them had rete testis invasion. Immunohistochemical results contributed significantly to the determination of tumor components and rates, especially in mixed germ cell tumors. . Most of the tumors were germ cell tumors, and the majority were seminomas. Lymphatic/vascular invasion and rete testis invasion rates increase as the tumor diameter increases, which is more evident when the 3 cm cut-off value is taken into account ( < 0.005).
本研究旨在回顾睾丸肿瘤的形态学和免疫组织化学特征，并将其与预后参数进行比较。回顾了 2011 年 1 月至 2021 年 9 月期间诊断的睾丸肿瘤。记录了患者年龄、肿瘤亚型、大小、播散、侧化、焦点数量和免疫组织化学结果。共检测到 121 个肿瘤，其中 108 个（89%）为生殖细胞肿瘤（GCT）。在生殖细胞肿瘤中，70 个（65%）为纯型，38 个（35%）为混合生殖细胞肿瘤。GCT 中纯精原细胞瘤的比例为 56/108（52%）。48/121（40%）例检测到淋巴管/血管侵犯（LVI），32/121（26%）例检测到 rete 睾丸侵犯，10/121（8%）例检测到门软组织结构侵犯，5/121（4%）例检测到附睾侵犯，5/121（4%）例检测到精索侵犯。在小于 3cm 的 27 个生殖细胞肿瘤中，有 6 个（22%）观察到淋巴管/血管侵犯，2 个（7%）观察到 rete 睾丸侵犯，而在 3cm 及以上的 73 个生殖细胞肿瘤中，有 40 个（55%）观察到淋巴管/血管侵犯，其中 26 个（36%）观察到 rete 睾丸侵犯。免疫组织化学结果对肿瘤成分和比率的确定有重要贡献，特别是在混合生殖细胞肿瘤中。大多数肿瘤为生殖细胞肿瘤，多数为精原细胞瘤。随着肿瘤直径的增大，淋巴管/血管侵犯和 rete 睾丸侵犯的发生率增加，当考虑 3cm 截断值时更为明显（ < 0.005）。
