National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland.
Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2023 Aug 23;25(10):1648-1658. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad088.
Young adults are at risk for cigar smoking, which is associated with cancers and pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Little is known about young adults' beliefs about smoking cigarillos, little filtered cigars, and large cigars, and how these beliefs may vary across cigar types and by cigar susceptibility.
The larger study surveyed a U.S. sample of young adults (18-30 years old) who never used tobacco products (n = 948) through Qualtrics online panel services in August 2021-January 2022. We assessed participants' susceptibility to using different cigar types. Participants were randomly assigned to open-ended questions about one of the three cigar types to elicit behavioral, normative, and control beliefs. We conducted thematic analysis to code emergent themes within each belief and examined the frequency of reported themes at the intersection of cigar type and cigar susceptibility.
Cigar susceptible participants reported positive behavioral beliefs (eg, anticipated relaxation, mood regulation, being cool), friends as supportive referents, and easy-to-smoke control beliefs (eg, high accessibility, low cost) more frequently than non-susceptible participants. Varied frequency by cigar type also emerged. For example, cigarillo and little filtered cigar features were mentioned more frequently as easy-to-smoke control beliefs, while low accessibility was reported more frequently as a hard-to-smoke control belief for large cigars.
Findings identify salient beliefs about cigarillo, little filtered cigar, and large cigar smoking among young adult tobacco never-users. Future research should investigate the potential importance of these beliefs in cigar smoking susceptibility and initiation among young adults, and their potential utility in prevention research.
This thematic analysis identified salient beliefs about cigarillos, little filtered cigars, and large cigars among a U.S. young adult sample, and differentiated emergent beliefs by cigar susceptibility status and by cigar type. Given the lack of cigar smoking prevention media campaigns, identifying these beliefs is the one of the first steps in developing effective cigar smoking prevention strategies. Future quantitative studies are needed to confirm the relationships between these beliefs and smoking initiation of each cigar type to further inform the types of beliefs to be targeted in strategic communication and help prevent cigar smoking initiation among susceptible young adults.
年轻人有吸食小雪茄的风险，而吸食小雪茄与癌症以及肺部和心血管疾病有关。人们对年轻人吸食小雪茄、小过滤雪茄和大雪茄的看法知之甚少，也不清楚这些看法在雪茄类型和吸食雪茄的易感性上是否存在差异。
这项更大规模的研究通过 2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 1 月期间的 Qualtrics 在线小组服务，对从未使用过烟草制品的美国年轻成年人（18-30 岁）进行了调查（n=948）。我们评估了参与者吸食不同雪茄类型的易感性。参与者被随机分配到关于三种雪茄类型之一的开放式问题中，以引出行为、规范和控制信念。我们进行了主题分析，以对每个信念内的新兴主题进行编码，并在雪茄类型和雪茄易感性的交叉点上检查报告主题的频率。
与非易感性参与者相比，易感性参与者更频繁地报告积极的行为信念（例如，预期的放松、情绪调节、酷）、朋友作为支持的参照点以及易于吸烟的控制信念（例如，高易获取性、低成本）。雪茄类型也存在不同的频率。例如，小雪茄和小过滤雪茄的特点更频繁地被提及为易于吸烟的控制信念，而大雪茄则更频繁地报告难以吸烟的控制信念。
研究结果确定了美国年轻成年烟草使用者中关于小雪茄、小过滤雪茄和大雪茄吸烟的重要信念。未来的研究应该调查这些信念在年轻成年人吸食雪茄的易感性和起始中的潜在重要性，以及它们在预防研究中的潜在效用。
本主题分析确定了美国年轻成年人样本中关于小雪茄、小过滤雪茄和大雪茄的重要信念，并根据吸食雪茄的易感性和雪茄类型区分了新兴信念。鉴于缺乏小雪茄吸烟预防媒体活动，确定这些信念是制定有效的小雪茄吸烟预防策略的第一步。需要进一步的定量研究来确认这些信念与每种雪茄类型的吸烟起始之间的关系，以进一步告知需要针对的信念类型，从而帮助预防易感性年轻成年人吸食雪茄。
