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新城疫病毒形成具有液-液相分离特征的包涵体。

Newcastle disease virus forms inclusion bodies with features of liquid-liquid phase separation.

机构信息

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.

Poultry Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, China.

出版信息

Vet Microbiol. 2023 Sep;284:109800. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109800. Epub 2023 Jun 7.

Abstract

Formation of inclusion bodies (IBs) is a hallmark of infections with negative-strand RNA viruses. Although the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) IBs had been observed in the 1950s, the characteristics of NDV IBs remained largely unknown. Here, we show that NDV infection triggers the formation of IBs that contain newly synthesized viral RNA. The structures of NDV IBs, observed by electron microscopy, were not membrane-bound. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching a region of NDV IBs occurred rapidly, and IBs were dissolved by 1,6-hexanediol treatment, demonstrating they exhibited properties consistent with liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). We find the nucleoprotein (NP) and phosphoprotein (P) are sufficient to generate IB-like puncta, with the N arm domain and N core region of NP and the C terminus of P playing important roles in this process. In summary, our findings suggest that NDV forms IBs containing viral RNA, and provide insights into the formation of NDV IBs.

摘要

包涵体的形成是负链 RNA 病毒感染的一个标志。尽管新城疫病毒 (NDV) 的包涵体在 20 世纪 50 年代就已经被观察到,但 NDV 包涵体的特征在很大程度上仍不清楚。在这里,我们表明 NDV 感染会触发新合成的病毒 RNA 形成包涵体。电镜下观察到的 NDV 包涵体的结构没有膜结合。用荧光恢复后光漂白技术对 NDV 包涵体的一个区域进行处理,发现其恢复迅速,并且包涵体在 1,6-己二醇处理下溶解,这表明它们表现出与液-液相分离(LLPS)一致的特性。我们发现核蛋白 (NP) 和磷蛋白 (P) 足以产生类似包涵体的斑点,NP 的 N 臂结构域和 N 核心区域以及 P 的 C 末端在这个过程中发挥着重要作用。总之,我们的研究结果表明 NDV 形成含有病毒 RNA 的包涵体,并为 NDV 包涵体的形成提供了新的见解。

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