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重力对裂缝中流体和碳酸盐沉淀分布的控制作用。

Gravity-driven controls on fluid and carbonate precipitation distributions in fractures.

机构信息

Department of Physics & Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, 55455, USA.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 9;13(1):9400. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36406-8.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-36406-8
PMID:37296283
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10256864/
Abstract

Many challenges related to carbon-dioxide ([Formula: see text]) sequestration in subsurface rock are linked to the injection of fluids through induced or existing fracture networks and how these fluids are altered through geochemical interactions. Here, we demonstrate that fluid mixing and carbonate mineral distributions in fractures are controlled by gravity-driven chemical dynamics. Using optical imaging and numerical simulations, we show that a density contrast between two miscible fluids causes the formation of a low-density fluid runlet that increases in areal extent as the fracture inclination decreases from 90[Formula: see text] (vertical fracture plane) to 30[Formula: see text]. The runlet is sustained over time and the stability of the runlet is controlled by the gravity-driven formation of 3D vortices that arise in a laminar flow regime. When homogeneous precipitation was induced, calcium carbonate covered the entire surface for horizontal fractures (0[Formula: see text]). However, for fracture inclinations greater than 10[Formula: see text], the runlet formation limited the areal extent of the precipitation to less than 15% of the fracture surface. These insights suggest that the ability to sequester [Formula: see text] through mineralization along fractures will depend on the fracture orientation relative to gravity, with horizontal fractures more likely to seal uniformly.

摘要

许多与地下岩石中二氧化碳（[Formula: see text]）封存相关的挑战都与通过诱导或现有的裂缝网络注入流体以及这些流体如何通过地球化学相互作用而改变有关。在这里，我们证明了裂缝中流体混合和碳酸盐矿物分布受重力驱动的化学动力学控制。通过光学成像和数值模拟，我们表明，两种可混溶流体之间的密度对比会导致低密度流体细流的形成，随着裂缝倾角从 90[Formula: see text]（垂直裂缝平面）降低到 30[Formula: see text]，细流的面积会增加。细流会随着时间的推移而持续存在，并且细流的稳定性受到在层流状态下产生的 3D 涡流的重力驱动形成的控制。当诱导均匀沉淀时，碳酸钙覆盖了水平裂缝（0[Formula: see text]）的整个表面。然而，对于大于 10[Formula: see text]的裂缝倾角，细流的形成将沉淀的面积限制在裂缝表面的 15%以下。这些见解表明，通过沿裂缝进行矿化封存[Formula: see text]的能力将取决于裂缝相对于重力的方向，水平裂缝更有可能均匀地密封。

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本文引用的文献

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Rapid carbon mineralization for permanent disposal of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.快速碳矿化以永久封存人为二氧化碳排放。
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