Kang Weixi, Malvaso Antonio
UK DRI Care Research and Technology Centre, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK.
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jun 4;11(11):1645. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11111645.
The objective of the present study is to examine the association between Big Five personality traits and self-rated health (SRH) among individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD), and to compare this relationship with that of healthy control participants, which is of importance as SRH can be a determinant of outcomes.
The current study used data from 566 participants with CHD with a mean age of 63.00 (S.D. = 15.23) years old (61.13% males) and 8608 age- and sex-matched healthy controls with a mean age of 63.87 (S.D.= 9.60) years old (61.93% males) from the UKHLS. The current study used predictive normative modelling approaches, one-sample tests, a hierarchical regression, and two multiple regressions.
The current study found that CHD patients have significantly lower Conscientiousness (t(565) = -3.84, < 0.001, 95% C.I. [-0.28, -0.09], Cohen's d = -0.16) and SRH (t(565) = -13.83, < 0.001, 95% C.I. [-0.68, -0.51], and Cohen's d = -0.58) scores compared to age and sex-matched healthy controls. Moreover, health status (controls vs. CHD patients) moderated the links between Neuroticism, Extraversion and SRH. Specifically, Neuroticism (b = -0.03, < 0.01, 95% C.I. [-0.04, -0.01]), Openness (b = 0.04, < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.02, 0.06]), and Conscientiousness (b = 0.08, < 0.001, 95% C.I. [0.06, 0.10]) were significant predictors of SRH in healthy controls, whereas Conscientiousness (b = 0.08, < 0.05, 95% C.I. [0.01, 0.16]) and Extraversion (b = -0.09, < 0.01, 95% C.I. [-0.15, -0.02]) were significant predictors of SRH in CHD patients.
Based on the close associations between personality traits and SRH, and the subsequent impact on patient outcomes, the results of this study should be taken into consideration by clinicians and health professionals when developing tailored treatment and intervention programs for their patients.
本研究旨在探讨冠心病（CHD）患者的大五人格特质与自评健康（SRH）之间的关联，并将这种关系与健康对照参与者进行比较，这一点很重要，因为自评健康可能是结果的一个决定因素。
本研究使用了来自英国住户纵向调查（UKHLS）的566名冠心病患者的数据，这些患者的平均年龄为63.00岁（标准差=15.23），男性占61.13%；以及8608名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者的数据，这些对照者的平均年龄为63.87岁（标准差=9.60），男性占61.93%。本研究采用了预测性规范建模方法、单样本检验、层次回归和两个多元回归。
本研究发现，与年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者相比，冠心病患者的尽责性（t(565)=-3.84，p<0.001，95%置信区间[-0.28，-0.09]，科恩d=-0.16）和自评健康（t(565)=-13.83，p<0.001，95%置信区间[-0.68，-0.51]，科恩d=-0.58）得分显著更低。此外，健康状况（对照者与冠心病患者）调节了神经质、外向性与自评健康之间的联系。具体而言，神经质（b=-0.03，p<0.01，95%置信区间[-0.04，-0.01]）、开放性（b=0.04，p<0.001，95%置信区间[0.02，0.06]）和尽责性（b=0.08，p<0.001，95%置信区间[0.06，0.10]）是健康对照者自评健康的显著预测因素，而尽责性（b=0.08，p<0.05，95%置信区间[0.01，0.16]）和外向性（b=-0.09，p<0.01，95%置信区间[-0.15，-0.02]）是冠心病患者自评健康的显著预测因素。
基于人格特质与自评健康之间的密切关联以及对患者结局的后续影响，临床医生和健康专业人员在为患者制定量身定制的治疗和干预方案时应考虑本研究结果。
