Kang Weixi
Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, UK.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 28;11(15):2149. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11152149.
The primary objective of this study is to explore the relationship between personality traits and self-rated health (SRH) in individuals with diabetes, while also comparing these associations with a group of healthy controls.
The data for this study were obtained from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS), comprising a sample of 1860 diabetes patients and 12,915 healthy controls who were matched in terms of age and sex. Hierarchical linear regression was utilized to analyze the data. The analysis included demographic variables such as age, sex, monthly income, highest educational qualification, marital status, and psychological distress assessed through the GHQ-12, personality traits, including Neuroticism, Agreeableness, Openness, Conscientiousness, and Extraversion, and diabetes status (0 for diabetes patients, 1 for healthy controls) as predictors. Interactions between personality traits and diabetes status were also included as predictors, with SRH serving as the dependent variable. Additionally, separate multiple regression analyses were conducted for diabetes patients and healthy controls, incorporating demographic variables, psychological distress, and personality traits as predictors, while SRH remained the dependent variable.
The findings of this study indicate that diabetes significantly moderates the association between Neuroticism and SRH. Specifically, both Neuroticism and Extraversion were negatively associated with SRH, whereas Openness and Conscientiousness exhibited a positive association with SRH in healthy controls. However, among diabetes patients, only Conscientiousness showed a positive association with SRH.
Personality traits predict SRH in people with and without diabetes differently. Healthcare professionals and clinicians should try to come up with ways that improve SRH and thus better outcomes in diabetes patients based on the findings from the current study.
本研究的主要目的是探讨糖尿病患者的人格特质与自评健康状况（SRH）之间的关系，同时将这些关联与一组健康对照进行比较。
本研究的数据来自英国家庭纵向研究（UKHLS），包括1860名糖尿病患者和12915名在年龄和性别上匹配的健康对照。采用分层线性回归分析数据。分析包括人口统计学变量，如年龄、性别、月收入、最高学历、婚姻状况，以及通过GHQ - 12评估的心理困扰、人格特质，包括神经质、宜人性、开放性、尽责性和外向性，以及糖尿病状态（糖尿病患者为0，健康对照为1）作为预测变量。人格特质与糖尿病状态之间的相互作用也作为预测变量纳入，SRH作为因变量。此外，对糖尿病患者和健康对照分别进行多元回归分析，将人口统计学变量与心理困扰和人格特质作为预测变量，SRH仍作为因变量。
本研究结果表明，糖尿病显著调节了神经质与SRH之间的关联。具体而言，神经质和外向性均与SRH呈负相关，而在健康对照中，开放性和尽责性与SRH呈正相关。然而，在糖尿病患者中，只有尽责性与SRH呈正相关。
人格特质对糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的SRH预测不同。医疗保健专业人员和临床医生应根据本研究结果，设法改善SRH，从而提高糖尿病患者的治疗效果。
