Li Shuang, Zhang Yanghong, Chen Haowei, Li Boyang, Liang Bowen, Xu Jizhong
College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 May 30;12(11):2158. doi: 10.3390/plants12112158.
Dwarfing interstocks play an essential role in determining the performance of fruit trees. SH40, Jizhen 1, and Jizhen 2 are widely used dwarfing interstocks in Hebei Province, China. This study examined the influence of these three dwarfing interstocks on vegetative growth, fruit quality and yield, and leaf and fruit macro- (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and micro- (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and B) element contents for 'Tianhong 2'. Five-year-old 'Fuji' apple cultivar, 'Tianhong 2', on '' rootstock, was cultivated with SH40, Jizhen 1, or Jizhen2 dwarfing rootstock as an interstock bridge. Jizhen 1 and 2 had more branches and a higher proportion of short branches than SH40. Jizhen 2 had a higher yield, good fruit quality, and higher leaf macro- (N, P, K, and Ca) and micro-element (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and B) contents; Jizhen 1 had the highest leaf Mg content in the growing period. The fruit N, P, K, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, and B contents were higher in Jizhen 2. SH40 had the highest fruit Ca content. There were significant correlations in nutrient elements between leaves and fruit in June and July. Comprehensive analysis showed that Tianhong 2 had moderate tree vigor, high yield, good fruit quality, and high mineral element content in leaves and fruits when Jizhen 2 was used as an interstock.
矮化中间砧在决定果树的表现方面起着至关重要的作用。SH40、冀砧1号和冀砧2号是中国河北省广泛使用的矮化中间砧。本研究考察了这三种矮化中间砧对‘天红2号’营养生长、果实品质和产量以及叶片和果实中大量元素（氮、磷、钾、钙和镁）和微量元素（铁、锌、铜、锰和硼）含量的影响。以‘富士’苹果品种‘天红2号’为基砧，分别以SH40、冀砧1号或冀砧2号矮化砧木作为中间砧进行栽培。与SH40相比，冀砧1号和冀砧2号的枝条更多，短枝比例更高。冀砧2号产量更高、果实品质好，叶片中大量元素（氮、磷、钾和钙）和微量元素（铁、锌、铜、锰和硼）含量更高；冀砧1号在生长期间叶片镁含量最高。冀砧2号果实中的氮、磷、钾、铁、锌、铜、锰和硼含量更高。SH40果实钙含量最高。6月和7月叶片和果实中的营养元素之间存在显著相关性。综合分析表明，以冀砧2号作为中间砧时，‘天红2号’树势适中、产量高、果实品质好，叶片和果实中矿质元素含量高。
