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注意缺陷多动障碍患者在运动性睡眠惰性期间基于活动的前瞻性记忆。

Activity-Based Prospective Memory in ADHD during Motor Sleep Inertia.

机构信息

Department of Psychology "Renzo Canestrari", University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy.

Division of Psychiatry, San Maurizio Hospital, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2023 May 30;23(11):5181. doi: 10.3390/s23115181.

Abstract

Prospective memory (PM) is essential in everyday life because it concerns the ability to remember to perform an intended action in the future. Individuals diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often show poor performance in PM. Because age can be confounding, we decided to test PM in ADHD patients (children and adults) and healthy controls (children and adults). We examined 22 children (four females; mean age = 8.77 ± 1.77) and 35 adults (14 females; mean age = 37.29 ± 12.23) with ADHD, in addition to 92 children (57 females; mean age = 10.13 ± 0.42) and 95 adults (57 females; mean age = 27.93 ± 14.35) as healthy controls. Each participant originally wore an actigraph around the non-dominant wrist and was requested to push the event-marker at get-up time. To assess the efficiency of PM performance, we calculated the time elapsing between the end of sleep in the morning and the pushing of the event-marker button. The results showed lower PM performance in ADHD participants, regardless of age. However, the differences between ADHD and control groups were more evident in the children group. Our data seem to confirm that PM efficiency is compromised in individuals diagnosed with ADHD regardless of age, and agree with the idea of considering the PM deficit as a neuropsychological marker of ADHD.

摘要

前瞻性记忆(PM)在日常生活中至关重要,因为它涉及到未来记住执行预期行动的能力。被诊断患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的个体在 PM 方面表现通常较差。由于年龄可能会产生混淆,我们决定在 ADHD 患者(儿童和成人)和健康对照组(儿童和成人)中测试 PM。我们检查了 22 名儿童(4 名女性;平均年龄=8.77±1.77)和 35 名成人(14 名女性;平均年龄=37.29±12.23),以及 92 名儿童(57 名女性;平均年龄=10.13±0.42)和 95 名成人(57 名女性;平均年龄=27.93±14.35)作为健康对照组。每位参与者最初都在非优势手腕上佩戴了一个活动记录仪,并要求在起床时间按动事件标记器。为了评估 PM 表现的效率,我们计算了从早晨睡眠结束到按下事件标记器按钮之间的时间流逝。结果表明,无论年龄大小,ADHD 参与者的 PM 表现均较低。然而,ADHD 组和对照组之间的差异在儿童组中更为明显。我们的数据似乎证实,无论年龄大小,被诊断患有 ADHD 的个体的 PM 效率都受到损害,并且与将 PM 缺陷视为 ADHD 的神经心理学标志物的观点一致。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b20f/10255685/6a641944f94b/sensors-23-05181-g001.jpg

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