可待因在人、大鼠、犬、豚鼠和兔体内的代谢比较：四种新代谢物的鉴定
Comparative metabolism of codeine in man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit: identification of four new metabolites.
作者信息
Cone E J, Darwin W D, Gorodetzky C W
出版信息
J Pharm Pharmacol. 1979 May;31(5):314-7. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1979.tb13507.x.
The metabolism and excretion of codeine and its metabolites in untreated urine of man, rat, dog, guinea-pig and rabbit have been examined. Metabolites were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry operated in the chemical ionization mode (methane). Concentrations of codeine and metabolites were measured by selected ion monitoring. Both codeine and norcodeine were detected in the urine of all species but a new metabolite, hydrocodone, was found only in the urine from man, guinea-pig and dog. Additional metabolites (presumably resulting from the metabolism of hydrocodone) were also detected in man and guinea-pig. Overall recoveries of drug and metabolites from untreated urine were low for all species.
已对人、大鼠、犬、豚鼠和兔未处理尿液中可待因及其代谢物的代谢和排泄情况进行了研究。代谢物通过在化学电离模式（甲烷）下运行的气相色谱-质谱法进行鉴定。可待因和代谢物的浓度通过选择离子监测进行测量。在所有物种的尿液中均检测到了可待因和去甲可待因，但仅在人、豚鼠和犬的尿液中发现了一种新的代谢物——氢可酮。在人和豚鼠中还检测到了其他代谢物（可能是由氢可酮代谢产生的）。所有物种未处理尿液中药物和代谢物的总体回收率都很低。
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